Investor’s Guide KIGOMA UJIJI 2017 @KigomaUjijiMC

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Tamko la ndg. Kabwe Zuberi Ruyagwa Zitto kuhusu Rasilimali na Madeni

Tamko la ndg. Kabwe Zuberi Ruyagwa Zitto kuhusu Rasilimali na Madeni

Ndugu Watanzania, Kama mnavyofahamu kuwa ibara ya 132(4) na (5) na Sheria ya Maadili ya Viongozi wa Umma, Sheria namba 13 ya mwaka 1995 inataka viongozi wote wa umma kujaza fomu za Tamko la Rasilimali na Madeni. Tamko hilo huwasilishwa Sekretariat ya Maadili ya Viongozi kabla ya mwisho wa kila mwaka. Kama nifanyavyo siku zote, nawajulisha rasmi kwamba nimetimiza matakwa hayo ya katiba na sheria kuhusu Maadili ya Viongozi.

Inafahamika kuwa Chama Cha ACT Wazalendo, kwa mujibu wa Katiba yake na Azimio la Tabora, kimeelekeza kuwa Viongozi wake wote waweke wazi kwa Umma Tamko la Mali, Madeni na Maslahi. Kwa kufuata masharti ya Katiba ya Chama Cha ACT Wazalendo natangaza rasmi fomu zangu nilizowasilisha Leo Sekretariat ya Maadili ya Viongozi wa Umma.

Ni matumaini yangu kwamba itafikia wakati Daftari la Rasilimali na Madeni la Viongozi wa Umma litakuwa linawekwa wazi kwa Umma ili wananchi waweze kujua Mali, Madeni na Maslahi ya Viongozi wao na pale ambapo kiongozi ametoa habari zisizo sahihi au kuficha mwananchi aweze kutoa Taarifa kwenye Sekretariat na Baraza la Maadili liweze kufanya kazi yake ipsavyo.

Mfumo wa kuweka wazi Rasilimali na Madeni ya Viongozi wa Umma ni mfumo endelevu na muhimu kwenye vita vita dhidi ya ubadhirifu na ufisadi. Mataifa kadhaa duniani hutumia mfumo huu ( public disclosure of leaders’ assets and liabilities) kuwezesha mapambano dhidi ya rushwa na ufisadi. Nchini Uingereza na Kanada kwa mfano, daftari la matamko ya Rasilimali na Madeni ya Viongozi lipo wazi kwa kila mwananchi kuona na huuzwa kwenye duka la vitabu la Bunge.

Namsihi Sana Rais John Pombe Magufuli kusaidia kufanya mabadiliko makubwa ya Sheria ya maadili ya Viongozi ili kurejesha na kuboresha Miiko ya Viongozi katika kuimarisha vita dhidi ya ufisadi nchini. Rais aliahidi kuweka wazi Mshahara wake alipokuwa anazungumza katika kipindi cha 360 cha Clouds TV. Ninamkumbusha afanye hivyo na pia aweke wazi Mali, Madeni na Maslahi yake ya Kibiashara ili awe mfano kwa Viongozi wengine Nchini.

Kabwe Zuberi Ruyagwa Zitto, Mb

Kigoma Mjini

30/12/2016

FOMU ZA MAADILI KIONGOZI WA CHAMA 1/2

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FOMU ZA MAADILI KIONGOZI WA CHAMA 2/2

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Will the real Opposition emerge under Magufuli’s repressive CCM?

Will the real Opposition emerge under Magufuli’s repressive CCM?

Zitto Kabwe

When President Magufuli was addressing a political rally in Manyoni Township, Singida region on the 29th July 2016, he referred to the opposition in Tanzania as a dying snake. He said “after you cut off a snake’s head, it keeps thrashing its tail. You may think it hasn’t died, but it has”. It appears that he believes the recent announced move of protests by the leading opposition party in Tanzania, CHADEMA, are signs of a dying party. He said “where are those parties? They are dead.” In the same rally he dared CHADEMA to go to the streets and demonstrate. The President threatened in ‘street’ Swahili “watakiona cha mtema kuni. Wasinijaribu. Sijaribiki.” Meaning he isn’t testable and he will crash them heavily.

CHADEMA announced a new operation called UKUTA, meaning an alliance against dictatorship in Tanzania. The Swahili word ‘ Umoja’, which I translated here as an alliance, is actually misused since it was the decision of one party. Even parties under UKAWA, a consortium of opposition parties that supports the people’s constitution, are not part of UKUTA. How CHADEMA ended up using the word Umoja is either a result of arrogance, ignorance or simply a lack of a proper word to have in an announce-able term UKUTA, which literarily means the WALL. President Magufuli may have interpreted the lack of an actual alliance as an indication of the fall of UKAWA, thus the snake parable.

The President is prone to issuing threats. He appears to enjoy it. In his coronation as the chairperson of CCM, he raised eyebrows when he said that had he been a CCM leader during its presidential primaries, he would have liquidated all CCM congress national executive members who were pro-Edward Lowassa. When the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces makes a remark like that, it is really threatening. If he cannot tolerate dissent within his own party what will he do to the opposition? The dead snake parable leaves a lot to be desired.

For years opposition activists and some political analysts have been predicting the end of the CCM regime. In the course of three elections, CCM’s popularity has been dwindling from 80% in the year 2005 to 61% in 2010 and 58% in 2015 (if we can take official Presidential elections results as an indication of overall party popularity). The last election was a clear test of CCM’s ability to maintain power as several of its influential members left for the opposition including two Former Prime Ministers who are now in CHADEMA. However, since the election of Magufuli as President and eventually the head of CCM, the party seems to be charting ways to survive. Will CCM survive? Will the opposition thrive? These are the questions I attempt to put to the readers of this article and our political analysts who are seemingly muted.

CCM is an authoritarian party in all sense and purpose. It is a dominant single party with some ability to adapt. President Kikwete’s methods of adaptation were through opening up; for example, allowing the Parliament to hold the Executive to account. He lost a prime minister following a parliamentary work and reshuffled his cabinet thrice, strengthened the National Audit Office and allowed free debate of the Controller and Auditor General (CAG) report of government accounts and did not hinder opposition parties to operate freely and organize. He faced criticism within CCM for being too liberal and later the opposition called him weak. Kikwete’s guided nomination of Magufuli as CCM presidential candidate is arguably one of his Machiavellian tactics of survival. President Magufuli in particular and CCM in general takes the opposite route to Kikwete. The true colours of an authoritarian, dominant CCM are starting to show.

Authoritarian parties like CCM have two main goals. First, to hold onto power by eliminating real and perceived threats. Second, to generate popular support in order to achieve development goals. In his book, The Dictator’s Dilemma, Bruce Dickson (2016) observes that the above goals are achieved through the survival strategy of legitimation, co-optation and repression.

President Magufuli’s legitimation process is through war on corruption, ambitious development agenda and straight talk to the population. After he came to power in November 2015, he launched a crackdown against corruption and has continued the crackdown ever since. He has as well announced anti corruption crackdown within CCM. His anti corruption platform has been a platform of the opposition for a decade. The author and his colleagues, like the former CHADEMA Secretary General, Wilbrod Slaa, used the parliament to legitimise opposition politics by raising corruption scandals and holding the government to account. The opposition in general and CHADEMA in particular lost the platform during the 2015 elections and literally handed it to the CCM candidate. Other parties like ACT Wazalendo had a more clear agenda on anti-corruption but its voice wasn’t heard in the campaign dominated by two candidates, one from CCM and the other a former CCM ex-Prime Minister running under the opposition alliance ticket of UKAWA. The CCM candidate was announced winner and he wasted no time in starting an anti-corruption agenda. He now owns it.

Tanzanians hated CCM because of, among other things, its inherently corrupt nature. The people of Tanzania have started to fall in love with the new no nonsense leader. He got them instantly and the opposition lost an agenda despite trying to discredit him on his lack of following due process. The opposition used elitist arguments. The common man and woman just wants action, not legal technicalities and that’s what the President is giving them.

President Magufuli sugarcoated the anti-corruption agenda with an ambitious development agenda. Every time he speaks he reiterates the industrialisation agenda. He uses a simple language that wananchi understand. Pockets of the urban-based, middle to upper class segments of the country see his agenda as unclear and largely ambiguous. But many more Tanzanians have swallowed the message as it is wholeheartedly. There is limited evidence of the President’s successful implementation of his development agenda. All projects he has opened to date are projects that were started under Kikwete. But citizens don’t care. Because he has won them on anti-corruption. The President currently talks about new aircrafts for dying Air Tanzania and people cheer while less than 5% of them fly. He got it. He won the narrative. The opposition lost it.

The President has embraced CCM cadres who lost the CCM primaries during the 2015 parliamentary elections. With this action, he has kept most members of the 11th parliament on their toes. Losers of the primaries are being ‘fed’ to be able to go back and contest against sitting members in the next election. Sitting members will now work to please the President so that, as the chairman of their party, he doesn’t cut them off during the nomination in 2020. In short, President Magufuli has created a shadow parliament of his own. The political genius many people underestimate. He now has a carrot and stick for Members of Parliament (MPs). He has a cat to threaten most of them. As a result, we will likely witness a parliament that becomes more toothless and subservient. Haven’t we already started seeing that?

Some sectors of society, sectors important to a vibrant and open democracy, face quiet co-option. Academia and media come to mind. Open repression is reserved for political parties. The President himself announced a ban on public rallies by political parties. The ban is completely unconstitutional and against political parties’ enabling legislation. In his address at Manyoni on the 29th July he clarified by allowing Members of Parliament to conduct rallies in their own constituencies and since he is the President he is the only one who can do rallies all over the country. This move is an effort to channel only one point of view to the public – that’s of the President and his party and in the process frustrate other parties into oblivion.

Under those circumstances many people have started to write obituaries for the opposition.

However, I would still argue that these circumstances are at times a necessary condition for the rise of real opposition politics. One-agenda politics must pave way for issues-based politics. Repression is conducive for likeminded members of the opposition parties to work together without worries. The liberal approach of President Kikwete created an environment of envy amongst comrades and a sense of ‘it is our time to eat’. It has had detrimental consequences for politics and development in the country, and for the welfare of the opposition.

The real opposition will have to engage in providing a critical analysis of the regime and offer an alternative policy. Issues like budget management will be critical as signs are out there that the fifth phase government will have more adverse audit opinion than any other before. Out of budget expenditures are rampant and more threatening is the drawdown of foreign reserve. It has never happened in the previous 20 years for the Tanzanian foreign reserve to decline and it was happening even before Magufuli started to implement his budget. US$500m has been withdrawn from our foreign reserve between November 2015 and June 2016. The amount remaining is enough to serve the country only for 3.6 months. The best practice for developing countries is to have a reserve enough to cover at least 6 months.

Tax revenues are still at the levels of the previous administration. High profile announcements of monthly revenues collection are no longer there because the taxman was collecting arrears and the government attacks ‘the chicken laying golden eggs’ i.e. the business community, without adequately investing in alternative sources of revenue for the country.

These are the issues the opposition must bring up. Well-articulated issues backed by expert evidence. Critical analysis of data and of government actions and reactions. The era of scandal-raising politics is over; the regime has co-opted it. Only politics of solutions can support the opposition now. The steady slide towards repression must be fought vehemently. But if the opposition does not articulate issues affecting the day to day lives of people, the repression will be supported by people. A coalition of likeminded people who have credentials to fight against corruption and articulate developmental politics must emerge and take up the ideological bankruptcy existing in the country now. Lack of issues and business as usual weaken the opposition and discredit most of our moves, including the recent UKUTA operation.

Once our modus operandi changes and we start tackling issues and articulate them, the real opposition will emerge, stronger and ready to govern.

UCHAMBUZI WA BAJETI YA SERIKALI 2016/17 @ACTWazalendo @zittokabwe

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Vitabu 23 nilivyosoma mwaka 2015(The 23 Books I read in 2015) #letsread

Vitabu 23 nilivyosoma mwaka 2015

Zitto Kabwe

Nimesoma vitabu 23 tu mwaka huu unaoisha leo.

Mwaka 2015 ulikuwa mwaka wa uchaguzi, nimesoma zaidi kidogo ya nusu ya https://zittokabwe.wordpress.com/2014/12/27/vitabu-nilivyosoma-2014-books-i-have-read-in-2014-booksread2014-letsread/ .

Katika mwaka 2015 niliweza kufanya uchambuzi wa vitabu 4 tu kwani ilipofika mwishoni mwa mwezi Machi, 2015 nilianza kazi mpya kabisa ya kujenga Chama kipya cha Siasa chenye kufuata mrengo wa kushoto – ACT Wazalendo.

Niliweza kuchambua 1. The Establishment, Owen Jones 2. The Alchemist, Paulo Coelho 3. The Last Banana, Shelby Tucker na 4. Act of Treason, Vince Flynn. Natumai nitarejesha safu yangu ya Kitabu na Kalamu ya gazeti la #RaiaTanzania kuanzia Januari, 2016.

Baadhi ya vitabu nilivyosoma mwaka huu ni marudio ya vitabu nilivyosoma zamani ili kujikumbusha mambo Fulani Fulani. Mfano hivi sasa najitahidi sana kusoma vitabu nilivyosoma shule ya sekondari katika ‘literature’ ili kuelewa zaidi na kulinganisha na hali ya sasa. Ndio maana mwaka huu nilirudia kitabu cha A Man of the People cha Chinua Achebe mara tu baada ya uchaguzi. Kiukweli huwa narudia rudia sana vitabu vya Achebe kutafuta ulinganisho wa hali ya siasa ya miaka ya sitini na miaka hii ya sasa. Vile vile najaribu kuelewa suala la #Biafra kutoka katika jicho la mwandishi.

Mwaka huu nimejitahidi sana kusoma ‘fiction’ na nimefurahia sana juhudi hizo japo niliuweka kando ushairi na sikuweza kabisa kumaliza The Capital, Thomas Piketty. Kwa kuwa nimedhamiria kujikita tena kwenye taalumu yangu ya Uchumi na kutumia taaluma hiyo kwenye siasa za Bunge, nitamaliza The Capital In’Sha Allah. Ninataraji kufungua mwaka na The Courage to Act: A Memoir of a crisis and its aftermath, Ben S. Bernanke. Kitabu hiki nililetewa kama zawadi na @Ritaupara, mmoja wa rafiki zangu wanaopenda kusoma vitabu pia. Kitabu changu bora cha mwaka kilikuwa Ujamaa, Ralph Ibbot. Napendekeza kila Mtanzania anayethamini historia ya nchi yetu miaka ya mwanzo ya Uhuru asome kitabu hiki.

Karibu kuona orodha ya Vitabu nilivyosoma mwaka 2015;

1. The Alchemist – Paulo Coelho
2. Deng Xiaoping: The Man who Made Modern China – Michael Dillon
3. Ujamaa: The hidden story of Tanzania’s socialist villages – Ralph Ibbot
4. Race, Revolution, and the Struggle for Human Rights in Zanzibar: The Memoirs of Ali Sultan Issa and Seif Sharif Hamad – G. Thomas Burgess
5. Home and Exile – Chinua Achebe
6. My Watch – Olesegun Obasanjo
7. How Much Land Does A Man Need? – Leo Tolstoy
8. Facing Mount Kenya – Jomo Kenyatta
9. The Tipping Point – Malcolm Gladwell
10. Chinua Achebe: Tributes and Reflections – Ed. Nana Ayebia Clarke & James Currey
11. A Man of The People – Chinua Achebe
12. Believer: My 40 Years in Politics – David Axelrod
13. Politics – David Runciman
14. The Man from Beijing – Henning Mankell
15. The Establishment – Owen Jones
16. 50 Years of Development Partnership – The World Bank
17. Adultery – Paulo Coelho
18. The Zahir – Paulo Coelho
19. Growing Up With Tanzania – Karim Hirji
20. The Governance of China – Xi Jinping
21. The Last Banana – Shelby Tucker
22. Act of Treason – Vince Flynn
23. In the Footsteps of the Prophet – Tariq Ramadhan

 

 

Baadhi ya kazi za Zitto Bungeni

Baadhi ya kazi za Zitto Bungeni

Kwa uzito na mahala unapofanyika mkutano huu, naomba niwaletee kwa muhtasari kabisa baadhi ya kazi ambazo Ndugu Zitto Kabwe amezifanya katika kusukuma mbele guruduma la maendeleo katika nchi yetu.

1. MABADILIKO SEKTA YA MADINI

Zitto alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge mwaka 2005 akiwakilisha Jimbo la Kigoma Kaskazini ambalo halina mgodi hata mmoja wa madini ukiachana na wachimbaji wadogo wa udongo wa Pemba ambao una soko kubwa hapa Kariakoo jijini Dar es Salaam. Hata hivyo ajenda inayomtambulisha Zitto Kabwe kwa Taifa ni ajenda ya mabadiliko makubwa aliyoanzisha katika sekta ya Madini nyakati ambayo hakuna mwanasiasa aliyethubutu kukosoa sera za uwekezaji kwa namna aliyofanya. Baada ya kudokezwa kuwa aliyekuwa Waziri wa Nishati na Madini Bwana Nazir Karamagi amesaini mkataba mpya wa Madini akiwa hotelini nchini Uingereza, Zitto alimtaka Waziri kujieleza ndani ya Bunge kuhusu mkataba huo na masharti yake ya kikodi. Waziri huyo aliposhindwa Zitto aliwasilisha Hoja Binafsi Bungeni (akiwa mbunge wa kwanza kufanya hivyo katika Bunge la Tisa na la Nane kwa pamoja). Hoja ya Buzwagi ilisababisha Zitto kusimamishwa ubunge kwa miezi 4. Hata hivyo mnamo Septemba 10, 2007 alitangaza Azimio la Songea lililomshinikiza Rais Jakaya Kikwete kuunda Kamati ya Bomani ili kupitia mikataba yote ya Madini nchini.

Kutokana na kazi yake hiyo leo Tanzania ina Sera mpya ya Madini na Sheria mpya ya Madini ambayo imeboresha nafasi ya Tanzania kufaidika na Madini, imeruhusu kisheria Serikali kuwa na hisa kwenye migodi ( na hivi tunavyoongea, kwa mfano, sasa Serikali inamiliki 50% ya Mgodi wa TanzaniteOne). Makampuni ya Madini ambayo yalikuwa yanatangaza hasara kila mwaka leo yanalipa kodi ya Mapato na Halmashauri zenye migodi zinalipwa ushuru wa huduma wa mabilioni ya fedha. Huyu ndiyo Kiongozi wetu wa ACT Wazalendo. Hawa ndio Viongozi Taifa hili linawataka. Viongozi wanaotenda na kutoa majawabu ya changamoto za nchi. Sio Viongozi wanaolaumu tu eti wakisubiri kushika dola ndio watende. Nani anayebisha rekodi hii?

 

2. KUZUIA UBINAFSISHAJI WA SHIRIKA LA BIMA LA TAIFA (NIC) 

Zitto Kabwe alikuwa Waziri Kivuli wa Mipango na Uchumi mwaka 2006 wakati Shirika la Bima la Taifa likiwa kwenye mchakato wa Ubinafsishaji. Wafanyakazi wa TUICO Tawi la Bima walimfuata wakielezea kwa ushahidi namna mali za Shirika zilivyopangwa kuuzwa na wajanja wachache kutaka kujiuzia Shirika na Mali zake hasa jengo la kitega uchumi kwa bei ya kutupwa. Zitto aliwakilisha hoja hiyo kwenye Kamati ya Bunge ya Fedha na Uchumi chini ya Mwenyekiti wake Ndugu Abdallah Kigoda na kuishawishi Kamati kukataa ubinafsishaji wa NIC na badala yake kuunda kikosi kazi cha kurekebisha Shirika na liendelee kuwa Mali ya Umma.

Mwezi Novemba Mwaka 2006 Baraza la Mawaziri lilikubaliana na hoja za Zitto alizotoa kwenye Kamati ya Bunge na ndani ya Bunge na kuamua kuliondoa Shirika kwenye mchakato wa ubinafsishaji na leo hii Shirika limebaki kuwa la Umma na limeanza kurudi kwenye hali yake. Aliendelea kulisaidia Shirika la Bima kwa kuagiza (akiwa Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Hesabu za Serikali ) kuwa Taasisi za Serikali na Mashirika ya Umma yaweke Bima kupitia Shirika la Bima la Taifa na agizo hilo kutekelezwa na Mashirika mengi ikiwemo Benki Kuu ya Tanzania.

Sio Bima tu, Zitto akiwa Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Hesabu za Mashirika ya Umma aliagiza kuondolewa katika orodha ya ubinafsishaji Shirika la STAMICO ili liweze kushiriki kikamilifu katika sekta ya Madini na liliondolewa. Huo ndio Ujamaa wa kidemokrasia ambao Chama chetu cha ACT-Wazalendo kinautangaza, na huyo ndio Kiongozi wetu ambaye ana uzalendo wa dhati kwa mali za Watanzania. Nani anayebisha rekodi hii?

 

3. SHERIA YA MAADILI YA VIONGOZI WA UMMA

Mwaka 2008/2009 Zitto Kabwe aliweka rekodi nyingine ya kuwa Mbunge wa kwanza kuzungumzia mabadiliko ya sheria ya viongozi wa umma ili kuipa meno secretariat ya maadili ya viongozi na kutengenisha biashara na siasa. Alipeleka Bungeni Muswada Binafsi wa Sheria ili kufanya mabadiliko makubwa ya Sheria Maadili. Hata hivyo muswada ule ulizuiwa na Serikali kuingia Bungeni licha ya kukamilisha kila hatua iliyopaswa.

Leo hii Chama chetu kinazungumzia kurejesha Miiko ya Viongozi kuna watu wanadhani Zitto kaanza haya hivi sasa, la hasha. Huu ni mwendelezo wa yale aliyokuwa anaamini miaka kadhaa iliyopita na kwa kuwa yeye anapenda kutembea anayoyasema alitushawishi wenzake kufanya Miiko ya Viongozi kuwa sehemu ya Katiba ya Chama chetu. Yeye ni Kiongozi wa kwanza wa kisiasa kuweka hadharani Mali na Madeni yake hapa nchini. ACT Wazalendo ni chama pekee cha siasa hapa nchini ambacho Viongozi wake wanatakiwa kikatiba kutangaza Mali zao, Madeni yao na Maslahi yao ya kibishara. Nani anabisha rekodi hii?

 

4. UKAGUZI WA MAHESABU WA VYAMA VYA SIASA

Katika kuhakikisha kuwa kila senti ya fedha ya umma inakaguliwa na Mdhibiti na Mkaguzi Mkuu wa Mahesabu ya Serikali, Ndugu Zitto Kabwe aliwasilisha Bungeni mabadiliko ya Sheria ya Vyama vya Siasa, Sheria namba 5 ya Mwaka 1992 na kuwezesha CAG kukagua fedha za vyama ambazo zinatoka Serikalini kama ruzuku. Sheria ya Vyama vya siasa inataka kila Mwaka Serikali kutenga kiwango kisichozidi asilimia mbili (2%) ya Bajeti ya Serikali kama ruzuku kwa vyama vya siasa. Vyama hupewa wastani wa Shilingi bilioni 20 kila mwaka na kugawana miongoni mwao lakini fedha hizi zilikuwa hazikaguliwi kinyume na Sheria za Fedha.

Baada ya Sheria hiyo kupitishwa na Bunge mwaka 2009, Zitto alisimama kidete kuhakikisha inatekelezwa jambo ambalo lilimletea uhasama mkubwa sana na viongozi wenzake katika chama chake cha zamani akiwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu. Zitto alipigana kwa kushirikiana na Wazalendo wenzake katika Kamati ya Bunge ya PAC na kufanikiwa na hivi sasa vyama vyote vinakaguliwa na kuweka rekodi nyingine katika nchi nyingi za Afrika. Kwa kazi hii iliyotukuka Zitto Kabwe amedhibiti fedha za umma kwa vyama vya siasa na hivi sasa taarifa za mahesabu ya vyama ipo wazi, na tumeona vyama vyote vikiwa na hati chafu, vikiwemo vyama vya upinzani vya zamani. Ni wajibu wa wanachama wa vyama hivyo kuwawajibisha viongozi wao wanaogeuza fedha za ruzuku kuwa ni fedha zao binafsi. Nani anabishia rekodi hiyo ya Kiongozi wetu?

 

5. KUFUFUA ZAO LA MKONGE

Mwaka 2012 Zitto Kabwe aliweka rekodi nyingine tena akiwa mbunge wa kwanza katika Bunge la 10 kuwasilisha Hoja Binafsi. Aliwasilisha Hoja Binafsini Bungeni akitaka Serikali kufufua Kilimo cha Mkonge kwa kuwanyanganya wawekezaji wakubwa mashamba waliyobinafsishiwa na kuyaacha bila kulimwa na badala yake mashamba yale wapewe wakulima wadogo. Zitto alitaka kubadilisha mfumo wa kulima Mkonge kutoka mashamba makubwa yanayomilikiwa na tajiri mmoja na kulimwa na manamba mamia na kwenda kwenye mfumo ambao wakulima wadogo wadogo wanalima Mkonge na hivyo kushirikisha wananchi wengi zaidi kwenye uchumi wao.

Hoja hiyo ilipingwa na Wabunge kutoka Tanga lakini iliungwa mkono sana na wananchi wa mkoa huo na hivyo kumwona Zitto kama mwakilishi wao licha ya kwamba alikuwa akiwakilisha Jimbo la Kigoma Kaskazini.

Katika Chama chetu ajenda ya kumilikisha Ardhi wananchi ni ajenda kubwa na ACT Wazalendo kimekua chama cha kwanza nchini kutangaza kinagaubaga kuwa kitazuia uporaji wa Ardhi na kumilikisha wananchi ardhi yao wenyewe. Nani anabishia rekodi hiyo?

 

6. KURASMISHA KAZI ZA SANAA NA BURUDANI NCHINI

Kwa muda mrefu sana wadau wa tasnia ya sanaa na burudani nchini walikuwa wanalalamika kazi zao kutokuwa rasmi na hivyo kuibiwa na mchango wao katika uchumi kutotambuliwa. Mwaka 2012 Zitto Kabwe akiwa Waziri Kivuli wa Fedha alifanya kampeni maalumu ya kuhakikisha kuwa wasanii hawanyonywi na kazi zao kutambuliwa rasmi. Aliwasilisha Bungeni mabadiliko ya Sheria ya Ushuru bidhaa ili kutambua rasmi kazi za sanaa na burudani na kuhakikisha kuwa wasanii wanalipwa wanavyostahili katika biashara ya miito ya simu.

Sheria hiyo ilipitishwa na Bunge na Mamlaka ya Mapato Tanzania ikaanza kutoa stempu rasmi katika CDs za kazi za sanaa ili kudhibiti wazalishaji kuwanyonya wasanii. Katika Taarifa ya Hali ya Uchumi wa Taifa ya mwaka 2015 tasnia ya Sanaa na Burudani imekuwa sekta rasmi ya Uchumi na imeripotiwa kuwa sasa ina thamani ya shilingi 270 bilioni kama mchango wake katika Pato la Taifa. Hivi sasa Wasanii wanafaidika maradufu kwa kazi zao kuuzwa kama miito ya simu na wengine wanapata mamilioni ya shilingi na kuboresha maisha yao kwa jasho lao. Nani anabisha rekodi hii?

 

7. KUDHIBITI UKWEPAJI KODI NA MISAMAHA YA KODI 

Wawekezaji kutoka nje wamekuwa wakiibia nchi yetu kwa kubadilisha badilisha majina ya makampuni yao na kubadili wamiliki bila ya kulipa kodi hapa nchini. Watanzania mnakumbuka jinsi majina ya mahoteli makubwa yalivyokuwa yakibadilishwa. Kwa mfano kutoka Sheraton kwenda Moevenpick na kwenda Serena sasa. Makampuni ya Simu yalivyokuwa yakibadilishwa. Kwa mfano kutoka Mobitel kwenda Buzz kwenda Tigo.

Vile vile kutoka Celtel kwenda Zain na kwenda Airtel. Haya yamekuwa yakitokea kwenye maeneo mengi zaidi ya haya. Yote haya yalitokea bila ya Serikali kupata kodi yeyote. Kwenye mauzo ya Zain kwenda Airtel Serikali ilipoteza dola za Kimarekani 312 milioni ( zaidi ya shilingi bilioni 600 kwa bei za sasa za dola ). Kwa uchungu kwa nchi yake Zitto Kabwe aliwasilisha Bungeni muswada wa sheria wa kurekebisha sheria ya kodi ya Mapato na kuanzisha tena kodi ya ongezeko la mtaji ( Capital Gains Tax ).

Marekebisho hayo yalipitishwa na Bunge kupitia Sheria ya Fedha ya mwaka 2012 na mwaka huo huo Tanzania ilipata mapato ya shilingi bilioni 50 kwa mauzo ya Kampuni ya BP kwenda PUMA. Mwaka 2014 Tanzania ilipata dola za kimarekani 222 milioni ( zaidi ya tshs 450 bilioni )kwa mauzo ya sehemu ya vitalu vya gesi asilia vya kampuni ya Ophir kwenda kampuni ya Pavilion ya Singapore.

Zaidi ya hapo Zitto na wazalendo wenzake katika Kamati ya PAC walitoa maagizo ya kuhakikisha kuwa Misamaha ya kodi yote inakaguliwa na ukaguzi wake kuwekwa wazi ili kudhibiti mianya ya matumizi mabaya ya misamaha hiyo. Kwa mara ya kwanza katika historia ya Tanzania CAG anakagua misahamaha ya kodi na PAC iliweka wazi taarifa ya kwanza ya ukaguzi wa misamaha ya kodi. Nani anabishia rekodi hizi?

 

8. MABILIONI YA USWISS 

Mwaka 2012 mwezi Novemba Zitto Kabwe aliwasilisha Bungeni Hoja Binafsi kuhusu mabilioni ya Uswisi ikiwa na lengo la kutaka uchunguzi ufanyike kuhusu Watanzania wanaoficha fedha nje ya nchi kinyume cha sheria. Bunge lilipitisha hoja hii binafsi na kuitaka Serikali kufanya uchunguzi kuhusu Watanzania wanaotorosha fedha kwenda nje na kuchukua hatua stahiki za kisheria. Tanzania iliingia katika rekodi ya kuwa nchi ya kwanza katika nchi za Jumuiya ya SADC kupitisha Azimio la Bunge kuhusu suala la utoroshaji wa fedha. Licha ya kwamba Serikali haijatoa taarifa yake miaka miwili sasa toka Azimio la Bunge namba 9 la mwaka 2012, na baada ya danadana ya muda mrefu kutoka vyombo vinavyohusika Kiongozi wetu Zitto Kabwe ameamua leo kupasua jipu la hoja hiyo kwa kuweka wazi orodha ya kwanza ya Watanzania 99 wenye akaunti katika Benki ya HSBC ya Uswiss. Uongozi ni umakini, na sio kukurupuka na kujitafutia sifa za harakaharaka. Ilikuwa ni muhimu Ndugu Kabwe kufuata taratibu zote kabla ya kuanika majina hayo hadharani. Sasa leo baada ya kujiridhisha pasipo shaka atayaanika majina hayo hadharani na wale waliokuwa wanambeza kwamba kashindwa wanyamaze milele! Huyo ndio Zitto, mwenye uvumilivu na ujasiri usio kifani. Anatenda anayosema. Nani anabisha rekodi hii?

 

9. KUWAJIBISHA MAWAZIRI 

Katika historia ya Tanzania ni Wabunge wawili tu walioweza kutoa hoja zilizopelekea Mawaziri wengi kuondolewa madarakani kwa mpigo. Ni Zitto Kabwe na Dkt. Harrison Mwakyembe ambaye aliongoza kamati teule ya Bunge iliyochunguza Mkataba wa kampuni feki ya kufua umeme ya Richmond. Hoja hii ilipelekea Waziri Mkuu kuwajibika kwa kujiuzulu na hivyo kumlazimisha Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano kuunda upya Serikali kwa kuteua Waziri Mkuu mwingine.

Zitto ana rekodi ya kipekee. Kwanza mwaka 2012 baada ya Taarifa ya CAG kuonyesha madudu katika matumizi ya fedha za umma, Zitto alikusanya sahihi za wabunge 75 na kuandika hoja ya kutokuwa na imani na Waziri Mkuu. Shinikizo hili lilipelekea Rais kufukuza kazi mawaziri 8 ambao Wizara zao zilitajwa kuwa na mahesabu machafu. Pili mwaka 2013 baada ya Kamati ya Mali Asili na Mazingira kutoa taarifa yake Bungeni kuhusu Operesheni Tokomeza, Zitto alisimama ndani ya Bunge na kubadilisha mjadala kwa kutaka Mawaziri wote ambao watendaji wao walitesa wananchi kuwajibika. Mawaziri 4 waliwajibika.

Tatu, mwaka 2014 katika Taarifa Maalumu ya Kamati ya PAC kuhusu uchotwaji wa fedha katika akaunti ya Escrow ya Benki ya Tanzania, Zitto na wazalendo wenzake wa kamati hiyo walipelekea Mawaziri wawili maarufu kama mawaziri wa Escrow na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Serikali kuwajibika. Uwajibikaji umekuwa ni ajenda kubwa ya Kiongozi wetu na amekuwa hana aibu hata kwa watu anaowaheshimu na rafiki zake. Alitaka wawajibike huku akiwatazama usoni. Ni Viongozi wachache sana wenye ujasiri wa aina hii. Huyu ndio Kiongozi wa chama chetu cha ACT Wazalendo. Nani anabisha rekodi hii?

 

10. KUKATAA POSHO ZA KUKAA

Mwaka 2010 chama chake cha zamani waliweka katika Ilani yao ya Uchaguzi kupinga posho kama hatua ya kubana matumizi ya Serikali. Wakakubaliana kuwa wabunge wa chama chao hawatapokea posho ya kukaa (sitting allowance). Hata hivyo, ilipokuja katika utekelezaji wenzake wote wakagwaya na Ndugu Zitto Kabwe ni mbunge pekee aliyepinga posho za vikao na kuzikataa kata kata kwa miaka mitano (5) mfululizo, ambazo ni takribani shilingi milioni 21 kila mwaka. Katika kipindi hicho cha miaka mitano Zitto alikaa kuchukua jumla ya Shilingi Milioni Mia Moja na Tano (105,000,000)!! Kukataa pesa yote hii kwa sababu ya ‘principle’ tu ni jambo nadra sana kutokea katika mazingira yetu. Zitto anatembea maneno yake. Zitto anatenda anayonena. Sasa kwa yote hata kwa nini wasimchukie wenye roho zao za kwa nini?

Ndugu Wananchi,

Huyu ndio Kiongozi wa Chama chetu. Tunachoomba Watanzania mumhukumu Zitto kwa rekodi zake na si kwa propaganda za mahasimu wake.

ACT WAZALENDO TABORA DECLARATION(ABRIDGED ENGLISH VERSION) @ACTWazalendo

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AZIMIO LA TABORA 2015 @ACTWazalendo

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Tamko la Kiongozi wa chama cha ACT Wazalendo ndg. Zitto Kabwe kuhusu Ripoti ya CAG mwaka 2013/2014

Tamko la Kiongozi wa chama cha ACT Wazalendo ndg. Zitto Kabwe kuhusu Ripoti ya CAG mwaka 2013/2014

1) Taarifa nyingine ya CAG imetoka, kwa mujibu wa Katiba ya JMT na kwa mujibu wa sheria za nchi. Taarifa hii imechelewa kutolewa kulingana na mabadiliko ya Ratiba za Bunge ambapo hapo awali taarifa ilikuwa ikitoka mwezi Aprili na kuwezesha kuchangia katika mchakato wa Bajeti ya nchi. Taarifa ya mwaka huu na ile ya mwaka Jana imetoka wakati wa Bunge la Bajeti na hivyo Bajeti ya Serikali haijazingatia hoja za ukaguzi ili kuboresha mfumo wa matumizi ya fedha za umma. Ni vema utaratibu wa zamani wa ripoti kutolewa mwezi Aprili urejewe ili wabunge waweze kutumia ripoti hizo wakati wa kamati katika kujadili makadirio ya Bajeti za Wizara mbalimbali.

2) Taarifa kama miaka iliyopita bado sio nzuri. Mapato mengi ya Serikali bado yanapotea. Uk. 53 wa Taarifa unaonyesha kuwa mizigo inayoingizwa nchini kupita kwenda nchi jirani zinazotumia bandari zetu hubakia nchini na kuingizwa sokoni hivyo kukwepa kodi. Mwaka 2013/2014 mizigo ya transit iliyobaki nchini kiudanganyifu ilikuwa zaidi ya bidhaa 6000 kwa mujibu wa Taarifa ya CAG. Hivyo kodi ya tshs 836 bilioni haikulipwa kwa mizigo hiyo sawa sawa na 10% ya makusanyo yote ya kodi za ndani. Tshs 836 bilioni ilipotea mwaka 2013/14 peke yake. Wakati hili linatokea Serikali ipo ukata mkubwa na kushindwa kuendesha miradi yake mbalimbali. Fedha iliyokwepwa idara ya forodha peke yake inalipa Madeni yote ya wakandarasi wa barabara wanaoidai TANROADS na riba kulimbikizwa kila mwaka. Fedha hii ingelipa Madeni yote ya mfuko wa PSPF wanayoidai Serikali. Fedha hizi zingeweza kulipia miradi 2 mikubwa nchini ya BVR na vitambulisho vya Taifa ambayo inasuasua kutokana na ukata.

Natoa wito kwa CAG kwanza kuweka wazi orodha ya bidhaa hizo zilizobakia nchini na kuingizwa nchini bila kulipa kodi. Vile vile CAG aweke wazi wafanyabiashara wote walioagiza bidhaa hizi na vyombo vya kiuchunguzi vichukue hatua za kuwashtaki wafanya biashara hawa mara moja.

Natoa wito kwa Kamati ya Bunge ya PAC kuwaita mara moja maafisa wa TRA kujieleza mbele ya kamati kuhusu suala hili na kuandaa taarifa maalumu bungeni ili kuanika uoza huu unaopoteza mapato mengi sana ya Serikali.

3) CAG kaonyesha kuwa kuna ubadhirifu mkubwa sana kitengo cha maafa cha ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu ambapo tshs 163 billioni za chakula cha maafa hazikukusanywa katika kipindi cha miaka 5 iliyopita. Huu ni kama mrija wenye wastani wa tshs 32 bilioni kuchotwa kwa kisingizio cha chakula cha maafa kwa wananchi. Kwa malezo ya CAG ni kwamba Watumishi wa Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wamekula fedha za chakula cha misaada. Maana hakuna uthibitisho wa kuwa mahindi yaliyogawanywa na taarifa kutolewa na Wakala wa Akiba ya Chakula (NFRA). Kitengo cha maafa ofisi ya PM kimekuwa mrija wa wizi wa fedha za umma, wizi ambao umekuwa ukifanyika bila ya kugunduliwa kwa miaka 5 sasa. ACT Wazalendo inaisihi Kamati ya Bunge ya PAC kufanya uchunguzi maalumu kwenye kashfa hii ya tshs 163 bilioni katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu na Wakala wa Hifadhi ya Chakula ( NFRA).

4) ACT Wazalendo inalitaka Bunge kuchukua stahiki dhidi ya Wizara ya Ujenzi kufuatia ripoti ya CAG kuonyesha kuwa Wizara ilidanganya Bunge katika kupitisha Bajeti ya tshs 252 bilioni ambapo kati yake tshs 87 bilioni ziliibiwa au matumizi yake kutoeleweka.

5) ACT Wazalendo inampongeza CAG kwa kuendelea na zoezi la kisheria la kukagua mahesabu ya vyama vya siasa. Hii inaweka misingi ya uwajibikaji kuanzia kwenye vyama vya siasa, taasisi muhimu sana katika ujenzi wa demokrasia. Vyama vya siasa vichukulie ripoti ya CAG kama changamoto ya kutoa kwanza kibanzi kwenye macho yao ili kuwa na ‘ moral standing’ ya kupambana dhidi ya ubadhirifu wa fedha za umma nchini.

Zitto Kabwe

Kiongozi wa Chama ACT Wazalendo

 

 

Yaliyojificha kuporomoka kwa shilingi dhidi ya Dola ya Marekani Shilingi inahujumiwa na Mabenki?

Yaliyojificha kuporomoka kwa shilingi dhidi ya Dola ya Marekani

Shilingi inahujumiwa na Mabenki? – Zitto Kabwe[1]

Katika ukurasa wangu wa facebook mnamo tarehe 25 Aprili 2015 niliandika kuhusu sababu za shilingi kuporomoka thamani na majawabu ya namna ya kurejesha thamani halisi ya sarafu yetu. Nilieleza “Shilingi kuporomoka dhidi ya dola na kuvuka 1$/2000TS kunasababishwa na sababu kadhaa 1) Woga wa uchaguzi na hivyo Dola nyingi kutoingia nchini (FDI etc) kusikilizia Serikali ijayo inaundwaje 2) Woga wa uchaguzi na hivyo matajiri kununua dola kwa kasi (too many Tshs chasing too few $) ili kuzificha (hoard) nje 3) kutouza mazao nje na kuagiza bidhaa nyingi kutoka nje ( current account deficit) 4) Benki Kuu kutoachia $ nyingi kwenye soko kutokana na akiba ya fedha za kigeni kupungua 5) Kuongezeka kwa huduma ya Deni la Taifa ambapo malipo ni kwa fedha za kigeni kwa madeni yaliyo wiva.

Niliendelea kushauri majawabu “Suluhisho 1) Benki Kuu kuachia $ za kutosha kwenye soko katika muda mfupi na wa kati (Mwezi Februari BoT ilifanya hivi na kuongeza $64 milioni kwneye soko bila mafanikio[2] 2) Kuongeza mauzo nje hasa ukizingatia kwa sasa ‘our exports becomes cheaper vis a vis foreign exchange) 3) Malipo ya kodi ya Ongezeko la Mtaji kutoka BG (Shell transaction ) na Ophir (Pavilion transaction), malipo haya kwa fedha za kigeni 4) Punguza kununua vitu vya anasa kutoka nje 5) Unafuu wa huduma kwa Deni la Taifa ( Debt relief ) 6) Punguza ujazo wa fedha nchini (mop tshs out)”.

Mjadala mkali umeendelea kuhusu suala hili katika majukwaa mbali mbali. Ni dhahiri kuporomoka kwa shilingi kunaathiri sana Watanzania wa ngazi ya kati hasa wafanyabiashara wa kati wenye kununua huduma na bidhaa kutoka nje. Wenye viwanda wanaotegemea malighafi kutoka nje gharama zao za uzalishaji zimeongezeka zaidi na hivyo kuhatarisha uzalishaji mali nchini. Licha ya kwamba kuporomoka kwa shilingi kunafanya bidhaa zetu za kuuza nje kuwa rahisi, lakini huchukua muda kuzalisha bidhaa hizo na hasa kilimo kuweza kufaidika hali hiyo. Kwa hiyo ni faida kwa nchi kwa sasa kuwa na sarafu stahmilivu ( stable) iliyojengwa kwenye misingi imara ya Uchumi. Hata hivyo, inaonekana kuwa sarafu ya Tanzania inahujumiwa. Kuporomoka kwa Shilingi katika wiki za hivi karibuni sio matokeo ya nguvu za soko bali ni matokeo ya hujuma ( currency manipulations).

Mabenki makubwa ya kigeni nchini, inasemekana, katika miezi ya karibuni yamefanya currency manipulations na kupelekea dola chache kukimbizwa na shilingi nyingi na hivyo bei ya dola kupanda bei. Hii inatokana na ukweli kwamba Benki zetu kubwa tatu zinazoongoza zinaendeshwa na wageni. Inasemekana biashara hii hufanyika kati ya matawi ya Benki za kigeni hapa nchini na makao makuu yao. Kuporomoka kwa shilingi kunakotokea hivi sasa hakuendani na kuporomoka kwa miaka ya nyuma kipindi kama hiki (ambacho ki kawaida ni miezi shilingi hushuka thamani kwa sababu ya watalii kuwa wachache na mauzo ya bidhaa nje kuwa madogo sana). Wastani wa miaka 10 iliyopita inaonyesha kuwa kipindi hiki shilingi hushuka kwa kati ya 8% mpaka 13% na sio kuporomoka kwa zaidi ya 20% kulikotokea hivi sasa. Kwa mfano mwaka 2011 miezi kama hii ( Februari – Mei) Shilingi iliporomoka kutoka shs 1,380 kwa dola 1 mpaka shs 1,570 sawa na mporomoko wa 12%. Hata hivyo kuanzia mwaka huo mpaka mwaka 2014 shilingi imekuwa ikishuka thamani kwa kiwango kidogo sana. Mwaka 2013 thamani ya shilingi ilishuka kwa wastani wa asilimia 1.7 tu.

Uchambuzi huu wa thamani ya sarafu yetu unaonyesha kuwa kuna zaidi ya nguvu ya soko kunakotokana na mauzo yetu nje kuwa machache. Vile vile kupanda kwa thamani ya dola ya marekani duniani hakutoshi kuelezea mporomoko huu wa kasi wa shilingi kuanzia mwezi Disemba mwaka 2014 mpaka sasa. Tuhuma za mabenki kuwa yanahujumu shilingi (currency manipulations) zaweza kuwa na ukweli.

Vile vile, inasemekana kumekuwa na utoroshaji mkubwa wa dola kutoka nchini kwenda nje ya nchi. Utoroshaji huu unafanyika kupitia wasafiri wanaopita ukumbi wa VIP uwanja wa ndege wa kimataifa wa Dar es Salaam. Utoroshwaji huu unatokana na hofu isiyo ya msingi kwamba uchaguzi utakuwa na vurugu. Utoroshwaji wa fedha ni kinyume sheria zetu. Sheria zetu za fedha za kigeni zinazuia mtu kubeba zaidi ya dola 10,000 za kimarekani zikiwa taslimu, kuingia nazo nchini au kutoka nazo nchini. Tafiti za haraka zinaonyesha kuwa huu umekuwa ni utaratibu wa kawaida kila mwaka wa uchaguzi tangu mfumo wa vyama vingi uanze.

Benki Kuu ya Tanzania inapaswa kuchukua hatua zifuatazo;

1. Kufanya uchunguzi wa kushtukiza mara moja dhidi ya benki zote za kigeni zilizopo hapa nchini. Uchunguzi huu utazame biashara ya fedha za kigeni ya benki hizi kwa lengo la kuzuia ‘ currency manipulations’ na kuchukua hatua madhubuti dhidi ya Benki yeyote itakayokutwa imehujumu biashara ya fedha za kigeni kwa lengo la kushusha thamani ya shilingi dhidi ya dola za kimarekani.
2. Jeshi la Polisi na kitengo cha kuzuia utoroshaji wa fedha ( anti money laundering unit) kufanya ukaguzi wa lazima wa watu wote wanaosafiri kwenda nje ikiwemo wanaopita sehemu ya watu mashuhuri (VIP Lounge) ili kudhibiti utoroshaji wa fedha za kigeni kwenda ughaibuni.
3. Watanzania tufikirie upya nafasi ya Mabenki katika uchumi wa nchi na kufanya maamuzi magumu ya kurejesha baadhi ya Benki katika umiliki mpana zaidi wa Watanzania. Kwa malengo ya muda wa kati, Benki kubwa 3 nchini ilazimu kuwa na umiliki unaozidi 51% wa Watanzania. Bila ya kushika mabenki nchi itachezewa sana.
4. Suluhiho la kudumu la sarafu stahmilivu ni kuongeza uzalishaji wa bidhaa za kuuza nje ya nchi na kupunguza manunuzi ya bidhaa kutoka nje. Urari wa Biashara wa Tanzania umepanuka kutoka $1bn mwaka 2004 mpaka $6bn mwaka 2013 (BOT 2013) kutokana manunuzi yetu nje kukua kwa kasi kutoka $2.5bn mpaka $11bn wakati mauzo yetu nje yakikua kwa kasi ndogo kutoka $1.4bn mpaka $5bn katika kipindi hicho. Isingekuwa uimara katika urari katika uwekezaji na uhamisho wa mitaji, Tanzania ingekuwa na sarafu yenye thamani sawa na takataka. Serikali ihimize uzalishaji mali mashambani na viwandani na kuuza nje biadhaa zilizoongezwa thamani. Zama za kutegemea dhahabu zimekwisha na sio endelevu. Turudi kwenye misingi: Bidhaa za Kilimo na Viwanda.

Tutaendelea kufuatilia thamani ya shilingi mpaka ifikapo mwezi Julai ambapo ndipo kipindi kigumu kwa shilingi huwa kihistoria. Hatua zilizoainishwa zisipotazamwa na mamlaka tajwa thamani ya shilingi dhidi ya dola ya Marekani yaweza kufikia tshs 3000!

[1] Zitto Kabwe ni Kiongozi wa Chama cha ACT Wazalendo. Amepata kuwa Waziri Kivuli wa Fedha na Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Bunge ya PAC

[2] Benki Kuu kuingiza $ kwenye soko kuna hatarisha kupunguza Akiba ya fedha za Kigeni. Kutokana na ujinai unaoendelea kwenye soko la fedha za kigeni nchini, BoT kuendelea kumwaga fedha za kigeni inaweza kuwa ni mkakati wa kudumu wa wanaofaidika na ‘currency manipulations’. Kushinikiza Benki Kuu kuendelea kubomoa foreign reserve ni kutokuona mbali na kujaribu kujiridhisha kwa kutibu dalili za ugonjwa badala ya ugonjwa wenyewe.