Posts Tagged ‘Ministry of Energy & Minerals’
MKATABA WA GESI WA STATOIL NA TANZANIA
MKATABA WA GESI WA STATOIL NA TANZANIA
Swali kwa TPDC: Kwanini Makubaliano ni tofauti na Mkataba Elekezi (Model PSA)?
Baada ya kuvuja kwa Mkataba wa kutafuta na kuzalisha Gesi Asilia (PSA) kati ya Serikali kupitia TPDC na Kampuni ya Norway ya StatOil na baada ya baadhi ya wachambuzi kuhoji kuhusu mkataba huo, Shirika la TPDC limetoa maelezo yake. Sio mara moja, sasa ni mara ya tatu. Kimsingi TPDC wanasema wachambuzi waliochambua nyongeza hiyo ya Mkataba hawana uelewa wa mambo haya na wanaleta siasa. Nadhani ni muhimu TPDC wakajikita katika kueleza kwa lugha ambayo wananchi wa kawaida wataelewa badala ya kusingizia uelewa wa watu katika masuala haya. Wizara ya Nishati na Madini haina uelewa wa pekee wa masuala ya Mafuta na Gesi kama wanavyotaka umma uamini. Kuna watanzania wengi tu wenye kufuatilia mambo haya na wenye uwezo mpana hasa katika masuala ya kodi katika tasnia hii. Ni wajibu wa TPDC kutoa maelezo yasiyo changanya wananchi na bora zaidi waweke mikataba hii ya Gesi na Mafuta wazi. Maelezo yaliyotolewa na TPDC mpaka sasa hayaeleweki na yana lengo la kuwachanganya wananchi kama sio kuwaongopea.
Swali la Msingi
Serikali kupitia “Model PSA” imeweka viwango vya mgawanyo wa mapato kati ya Mwekezaji na nchi. Viwango hivi ni vya mgawo wa mafuta au gesi asilia yanayozalishwa kwa siku. Mkataba huu elekezi upo kwenye tovuti ya Shirika la TPDC na ndio mwongozo wa majadiliano kwa mikataba yote. Kwa mujibu wa Mkataba huu elekezi uzalishaji wa gesi asilia unapokuwa wa chini kabisa (0 –249.999 MMscf kwa siku) mgawo kati ya Tanzania na Mwekezaji unakuwa ni nusu kwa nusu (50 – 50 ) baada ya mwekezaji kuondoa gharama zake zote za uzalishaji.
Iwapo uzalishaji umefikia hali ya juu kabisa ( 1500 MMscf na zaidi) mgawo wa Tanzania unakuwa asilimia 80 na Mwekezaji asilimia 20. Mwekezaji anaruhusiwa kuchukua mpaka asilimia 70 ya Gesi iliyozalishwa kufidia gharama za uzalishaji. Hivyo, kinachogawanywa ni asilimia 30 zinazobakia.
Mkataba uliovuja ( TPDC na StatOil hawajaukanusha) unaonyesha kuwa kiwango cha chini kabisa cha uzalishaji Serikali inapata asilimia 30 tu na Mwekezaji asilimia 70 licha ya kwamba tayari gharama zake keshajirudishia. Vile vile kiwango cha juu kabisa cha uzalishaji mgawo unakuwa sawa kwa sawa! Swali la msingi hapa ni, Kwanini makubaliano na kampuni hii ya StatOil yanaenda tofauti na Mkataba elekezi? Je, mikataba yote 26 imekwenda harijojo namna hii? Maswali haya bado hayajajibiwa na TPDC.
Tuelewe
Mkataba wa Gesi Asilia au Mafuta ni makubaliano ya kugawana mapato yanayotokana na kiwango kilichozalishwa. Katika maelezo yao TPDC wanaeleza kuhusu kodi ya mapato, mrahaba na kodi ya huduma. Kodi ya Mapato na kodi ya huduma ni kodi ambazo kila mfanyabiashara nchini anapaswa kulipa. Ikumbukwe kuwa imechukua miaka 20 na kelele nyingi sana mpaka kampuni za Madini kuanza kulipa kodi ya mapato na ushuru wa huduma. Mpaka leo hii bado Halmashauri za Geita na Kahama zinahangaika na kampuni za Madini kulipwa ushuru huu. Kampuni za Madini na za Mafuta hutumia mikakati ya kupanga kukwepa kodi (tax planning measures) kwa kutumia Tax Havens na Mikataba ya Double Taxation Treaties. Hivyo TPDC kusema tutegemee kodi ya Mapato ni sawa na kuimba kama kasuku na baada ya miaka 20 tutajikuta kwenye lawama zile zile za sekta ya Madini. Kwenye baadhi ya mikataba, kodi wanayolipa wawekezaji hukatwa kwenye mgawo wa TPDC na hivyo kodi hiyo hulipwa na TPDC na sio Mwekezaji kama tunavyoaminishwa na Serikali.
Kuhusu mrahaba wa asilimia 5 napo kuna tatizo kwani kwenye mikataba ya Gesi Asilia Mrahaba unalipwa na TPDC maana ndio mwenye leseni na sio Mwekezaji ambaye ni kandarasi tu. Mikataba kadhaa imeandikwa kwa namna ambayo Mwekezaji akilipa mrahaba, anajirudishia kwenye mapato ya Gesi kama gharama. Hivyo kimsingi mapato yetu ya uhakika ni kwenye mgawo wa uzalishaji. Ndio maana tunapiga kelele kuhusu mkataba huu wa StatOil kwenda kinyume na Mkataba mwelekezi wa Serikali.
Tutaambulia kiduchu sana
Kwa kuchambua Mkataba huu kati ya Tanzania na StatOil ya Norway hesabu zinaonyesha kuwa Nchi yetu itapata mgawo kiduchu sana. Chukulia uniti 1000 za gesi asilimia zimezalishwa kwa siku. Uniti 700 zinachukuliwa na Mwekezaji kufidia gharama za kuzalisha gesi hiyo na Uniti 300 zinazobakia Mwekezaji anachukua uniti 150 kama mgawo wake wa faida (profit gas). Hivyo Tanzania itabakia na uniti 150 tu kama mgawo wake, sawa na 15% tu ya Gesi Asilia yote iliyozalishwa katika siku hiyo. Iwapo Mkataba elekezi ungefuatwa Tanzania ingebakia na uniti 240 sawa na 24% ya gesi asilia iliyozalishwa.
Natoa rai kwa vyombo vya habari nchini kuandika masuala haya bila kuyumba maana yanahusu utajiri wa nchi yetu. Dhahabu imebakia mashimo kwa sababu Tanzania ililala na watawala kuandika mikataba ya hovyo. Tusilale kwenye Gesi Asilia. Wakati wa kutaka mikataba kuwa wazi ni sasa. Huu mmoja tu wa StatOil tunaweza kupoteza shilingi 1.6 trilioni, hiyo mingine 26 je? Nchi itabakia kweli? Tusikubali majibu mepesi. Tutake mikataba iwekwe wazi. Uwazi huleta uwajibikaji.
Zitto Kabwe, Mb
17 Julai, 2014
DRAFT 3-The Natural Gas Policy of Tanzania-2013
Draft 3- The Natural Gas Policy of Tanzania -2013to be presented to MPs tomorrow
Kesho jumamosi wabunge tumealikwa kwenye semina kuhusu sera ya Gesi Asilia. Tumegawiwa tayari nakala zetu, tena zipo kwenye lugha ya kimombo.
Ikumbukwe kwamba kuanzia tarehe 22 – 23 Mei 2013 kutakuwa na mjadala wa bajeti ya Wizara ya Nishati na Madini. Semina hii ni maandalizi ya Bajeti hii.
Jambo la kushangaza ni kwamba wakati sera ya Gesi Asilia ipo kwenye rasimu na ndio kwanza wabunge tumeletewa kutoa maoni, Serikali tayari imetangaza tena kugawa vitalu vya Mafuta na Gesi kwenye Bahari kuu na Ziwa Tanganyika Kaskazini.
Zabuni hii mpya ya vitalu vya utafutaji imetolewa wakati kuna maamuzi ya Bunge kuzuia ugawaji huu mpya mpaka sera ya Gesi Asilia na Sheria ya Gesi vikamilike.
Haraka hii ya serikali kugawa vitalu bila sera wala Sheria inatoka wapi? Nitashangaa sana wabunge kukimbilia posho za semina hii na kuhalalisha maamuzi yasiyo zingatia maslahi ya Taifa Kwa vizazi vya sasa na vijavyo. Uamuzi wa kugawa vitalu vipya bila kwanza kuwepo Kwa sera na Sheria mpya unapaswa kupingwa Kwa Nguvu zote.
Tafuta mbunge wako, mwambie asikubali maamuzi haya ya serikali.
Tumalize kwanza sera na Sheria ndio tugawe vitalu vipya. Gesi sio viazi, haiozi.
Naomba tureje statement yangu ya mwaka jana September 2012:
Oil and Gas in Tanzania: Building For A Sustainable Future
Tanzania is on the precipice of an economic evolution with the recent discoveries of gas. We have now confirmed reserves of 43 Trillion Cubic feet (TCF), roughly valued at USD 430bn[i]. Plans for LNG production are moving ahead of schedule. As a result there will be considerable new gas resources available for power generation and other needs for our economy and people including domestic use, petrochemical industries and fertilizer plants.
Our nascent oil and gas industry is set to expand greatly with the upcoming Fourth Licencing Round, which, according to Minister Sospeter Muhongo, is scheduled to be launched in Houston, Texas on September 13. We are now informed that the licencing round has been delayed. This is not enough and more work needs to be done.
The Fourth Licencing Round should be put on hold – postponed for ten years. In this, we echo the demand of Parliament’s Energy and Minerals Committee earlier this year (April 2012, Annual Report of the Committee) and the concerns of other informed citizens. It is very unfortunate that the recommendation to postpone the licensing round, supported by a Parliamentary Committee on Public Investments (POAC) and approved by a Parliamentary resolution, was largely ignored by the Ministry and TPDC. A moratorium will not only allow us to manage our new resources effectively it will also ensure the welfare of future generations. This is something the Government must take seriously.
We, as responsible leaders, have a duty to safeguard this country’s resources for future generations. This will require effective and sustainable management of our oil and gas reserves. The licencing round for the oil and gas offshore blocks announced by the Ministry through TPDC undermines our mandate to the Tanzanian people. If all exploration blocks are being licenced, what will our grand-children and great-grandchildren, who will be more educated and well prepared, do? It is critical that we approach these issues not in a short-term strategic thinking but long-term. We may not be here tomorrow but Tanzania will be.
We are not prepared for an expansion of exploration activity. Current legislation is out-dated and does not mirror the current political and economic status quo. We have no overarching Gas Policy, however progress has been made as both the Gas Act and Policy are currently being crafted. Nevertheless to continue on with a new round of licensing before these policies are complete is irresponsible. More importantly, we do not have legislation that will manage revenues from the sector. We need more time for the policies and legislative acts to be implemented. We will also need more time for institutions to be in place.
A ten-year moratorium will give us the space to develop our capacity in key areas. TPDC can be overhauled to become an active exploration and production company, modelled on Malaysia’s Petronas. Currently, TPDC does not have the capacity or resources to be an effective and strong partner in developing our reserves. These capacity deficits include the ability to conduct basic geological surveys, contract negotiations and management as well as production and processing. A moratorium will allow us to support TPDC to become a strong and reliable trustee and gatekeeper of the country’s resources.
A ten-year moratorium will allow us to build the necessary institutions that we will need to effectively benefit from these resources. These include establishing and supporting a Sovereign Development Fund , to manage revenues; coordinating with our educational institutions to train and foster young Tanzanians so they can confidently work and engage in this industry; and an oversight committee that would include parliamentarians, civil society organizations and local communities. These stakeholders would be mandated to ensure that our resources are used effectively and fairly.
A ten-year moratorium on offshore exploration will ensure that our increasingly young population will enjoy the benefits of our natural resources for generations to come. We kindly request the Government to stop any new licencing of exploration blocks and refocus all efforts into building the capacity to manage the discovered resources, make wise decisions and prepare the nation for a Natural Gas Economy in a timely manner.
Our past mistakes in the mining sector should guide us, as we comprehend the challenges and opportunities presented by the oil and gas sector. The country must first build strong accountability measures, ensure transparency, develop critical human capital and learn from case studies of other gas economies before licencing any new blocks. We need to think strategically and understand the long-game rather than thinking about short-term gains. As a result, we think 10 years will be enough to implement the necessary interventions and build a strong and sustainable oil and gas economy for all Tanzanians.
Kabwe Zuberi Zitto, MP
Shadow Minister of Finance.
OFFSHORE ENERGYTODAY.COM
PRESS RELEASE: Shilingi Bilioni 86 zaibwa Wizara ya Nishati/TANESCO, Gridi ya Taifa hatarini
Shilingi bilioni 86 zaibwa Wizara ya Nishati/TANESCO, Gridi ya Taifa hatarini
Gazeti la The East African la Novemba 24 – 30, 2012 limetoa taarifa kwamba jumla ya dola za kimarekani milioni 54 zimegundulika kuibwa na watumishi waandamizi wa Wizara ya Nishati na Madini na Shirika la TANESCO kupitia manunuzi ya Mafuta ya kuendesha mtambo wa Umeme wa IPTL. Gazeti hili limenukuu taarifa ya ukaguzi kutoka kwa Mdhibiti na Mkaguzi Mkuu wa Tanzania (Controller and Auditor General). Taarifa hiyo inasema kuna kikundi (racket) ambacho kazi yake kubwa ni kujifaidisha binafsi na mpango wa umeme wa dharura kupitia manunuzi ya Mafuta mazito ya IPTL.
Itakumbukwa kwamba toka mwaka 2011 kumekuwa na shinikizo lililotolewa na Kamati ya Bunge ya Hesabu za Mashirika ya Umma, Kamati ya Bunge ya Nishati na Madini na Waziri Kivuli wa Nishati na Madini kwamba zabuni za ununuzi wa mafuta ya kuendesha mpango wa umeme wa dharura na mchakato mzima wa manunuzi ya mafuta haya ufanyiwe uchunguzi wa kina (forensic audit).
Katika mkutano wa 3 wa Bunge la Kumi (April 2011) niliuliza swali Bungeni kuhusu kashfa hii ya ununuzi wa mafuta ya kuendesha mtambo wa IPTL na baadaye tarehe 16 Aprili 2011 nilimwomba Spika airuhusu Kamati ya Nishati na Madini kufanya uchunguzi kuhusu kashfa hii. Kamati ya Nishati na Madini chini ya aliyekuwa Mwenyekiti ndugu January Makamba ililitaka Bunge kuazimia kufanyika kwa uchunguzi kuhusu suala hili kwenye Taarifa yake ya mwaka 2011 iliyowasilishwa Bungeni mwezi Aprili mwaka 2012. Waziri Kivuli wa Nishati na Madini ndugu John Mnyika katika Hotuba yake ya Bajeti ya Wizara hiyo mwaka 2011 alipendekeza kufanyika kwa uchunguzi kuhusu kashfa hii pia. Juhudi zote hizo hazikuzaa matunda.
Kipindi hicho kiwango kilichokuwa kinahojiwa kuibwa ni shilingi bilioni 15 tu. Taarifa ya The East African kama walivyonukuu kutoka kwenye taarifa ya CAG inaonyesha fedha zilizoibwa ni shilingi bilioni 86.
Zabuni za kununua mafuta ya kuendesha umeme wa dharura zimekuwa zikitolewa bila kufuata utaratibu wa zabuni kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya manunuzi. Hivi sasa kila mwezi Tanzania inatumia dola milioni 70 kununua mafuta ya kuendesha mitambo ya umeme. Fedha hizi zinatoka Hazina na sehemu ndogo kutoka TANESCO. Wakati fedha hizi bilioni 112 zinachomwa kila mwezi kununua mafuta mazito na dizeli ya kuendesha mitambo ya umeme, Taarifa za kitaalamu zinaonyesha kwamba Bwawa la Mtera hivi lina kina cha maji chini ya kiwango kinachotakiwa na uzalishaji wa umeme ni asilimia 20 tu ya uwezo (installed capacity). Iwapo TANESCO wataendelea kutumia zaidi maji yaliyopo Mtera, Mitambo itashindwa kazi na Gridi nzima itasimama maana Mtera ndio nguzo kuu ya Gridi ya Taifa. Hali hii ni hatari sana kwa uchumi na ulinzi na usalama wa Taifa. Kimsingi Gridi ya Taifa ipo hatarini kutokana na kiwango cha Maji kilichopo Mtera hivi sasa na kuendelea kupungua kwa kina hicho cha maji.
Wananchi wanapaswa kuelezwa kinaga ubaga nini kinaendelea katika sekta ndogo ya umeme hapa nchini;
1. Taarifa ya Mdhibiti na Mkaguzi Mkuu wa Serikali kuhusu zabuni za manunuzi ya Mafuta ya kuendesha mitambo ya umeme wa dharura iwekwe wazi na ‘racket’ inayosemekana kuiba jumla ya shilingi bilioni 86 ionyeshwe na hatua za kisheria zichukuliwe mara moja na bila kuchelewa.
2. Waziri wa Nishati na Maadini auleze umma hali yalisi ya sekta ya umeme nchini, uzalishaji wa umeme upoje, hali ya maji katika bwawa mkakati la Mtera na nini hatma ya mitambo ya IPTL, kesi zake na utekelezaji wa mapendekezo ya Bunge kuwa kesi za kampuni hii zimalizwe nje ya mahakama. Pia Taifa lielezwe Mpango wa Dharura wa umeme unakwisha lini maana muda uliotolewa na Bunge mwezi Agosti mwaka 2011 tayari umekamilika. Waziri aeleze hatua agni amechukua baada ya kukabidhiwa taarifa na CAG kuhusu maafisa waandamizi wa Wizara waliohusika na wizi wa shilingi bilioni 86 za kununua mafuta ya IPTL.
3. Waziri wa Fedha na Uchumi aueleze umma ni kiwango gani cha fedha Hazina imetoa kununua mafuta ya kuendesha mitambo ya umeme wa dharura kati ya Mwezi Novemba mwaka 2011 na Oktoba mwaka 2012 na kama taratibu zote za zabuni zilifuatwa na pale ambapo hazikufuatwa ni hatua gani PPRA wamechukua dhidi ya waliokiuka sheria ya manunuzi na kuleta hasara ya mabilioni ya fedha kwa Serikali.
Kabwe Zuberi Zitto, Mb
Naibu Kiongozi wa Upinzani Bungeni na Waziri Kivuli wa Fedha
Dar es Salaam. Novemba 25, 2012
Zitto is MP for KIGOMA URBAN and PARTY LEADER of ACT WAZALENDO Party (@ACTWazalendo)
Zitto na Demokrasia 