‘Oil and Gas: Fiscal Challenges of Tanzania’s Production Sharing Agreements (PSAs)-Tanzania Statoil Deal @statoilasa @exxonmobil @noradno

View this document on Scribd

MKATABA WA GESI WA STATOIL NA TANZANIA

MKATABA WA GESI WA STATOIL NA TANZANIA

Swali kwa TPDC: Kwanini Makubaliano ni tofauti na Mkataba Elekezi (Model PSA)?

Baada ya kuvuja kwa Mkataba wa kutafuta na kuzalisha Gesi Asilia (PSA) kati ya Serikali kupitia TPDC na Kampuni ya Norway ya StatOil na baada ya baadhi ya wachambuzi kuhoji kuhusu mkataba huo, Shirika la TPDC limetoa maelezo yake. Sio mara moja, sasa ni mara ya tatu. Kimsingi TPDC wanasema wachambuzi waliochambua nyongeza hiyo ya Mkataba hawana uelewa wa mambo haya na wanaleta siasa. Nadhani ni muhimu TPDC wakajikita katika kueleza kwa lugha ambayo wananchi wa kawaida wataelewa badala ya kusingizia uelewa wa watu katika masuala haya. Wizara ya Nishati na Madini haina uelewa wa pekee wa masuala ya Mafuta na Gesi kama wanavyotaka umma uamini. Kuna watanzania wengi tu wenye kufuatilia mambo haya na wenye uwezo mpana hasa katika masuala ya kodi katika tasnia hii. Ni wajibu wa TPDC kutoa maelezo yasiyo changanya wananchi na bora zaidi waweke mikataba hii ya Gesi na Mafuta wazi. Maelezo yaliyotolewa na TPDC mpaka sasa hayaeleweki na yana lengo la kuwachanganya wananchi kama sio kuwaongopea.

Swali la Msingi

Serikali kupitia “Model PSA” imeweka viwango vya mgawanyo wa mapato kati ya Mwekezaji na nchi. Viwango hivi ni vya mgawo wa mafuta au gesi asilia yanayozalishwa kwa siku. Mkataba huu elekezi upo kwenye tovuti ya Shirika la TPDC na ndio mwongozo wa majadiliano kwa mikataba yote. Kwa mujibu wa Mkataba huu elekezi uzalishaji wa gesi asilia unapokuwa wa chini kabisa (0 –249.999 MMscf kwa siku) mgawo kati ya Tanzania na Mwekezaji unakuwa ni nusu kwa nusu (50 – 50 ) baada ya mwekezaji kuondoa gharama zake zote za uzalishaji.

Iwapo uzalishaji umefikia hali ya juu kabisa ( 1500 MMscf na zaidi) mgawo wa Tanzania unakuwa asilimia 80 na Mwekezaji asilimia 20. Mwekezaji anaruhusiwa kuchukua mpaka asilimia 70 ya Gesi iliyozalishwa kufidia gharama za uzalishaji. Hivyo, kinachogawanywa ni asilimia 30 zinazobakia.

Mkataba uliovuja ( TPDC na StatOil hawajaukanusha) unaonyesha kuwa kiwango cha chini kabisa cha uzalishaji Serikali inapata asilimia 30 tu na Mwekezaji asilimia 70 licha ya kwamba tayari gharama zake keshajirudishia. Vile vile kiwango cha juu kabisa cha uzalishaji mgawo unakuwa sawa kwa sawa! Swali la msingi hapa ni, Kwanini makubaliano na kampuni hii ya StatOil yanaenda tofauti na Mkataba elekezi? Je, mikataba yote 26 imekwenda harijojo namna hii? Maswali haya bado hayajajibiwa na TPDC.

Tuelewe

Mkataba wa Gesi Asilia au Mafuta ni makubaliano ya kugawana mapato yanayotokana na kiwango kilichozalishwa. Katika maelezo yao TPDC wanaeleza kuhusu kodi ya mapato, mrahaba na kodi ya huduma. Kodi ya Mapato na kodi ya huduma ni kodi ambazo kila mfanyabiashara nchini anapaswa kulipa. Ikumbukwe kuwa imechukua miaka 20 na kelele nyingi sana mpaka kampuni za Madini kuanza kulipa kodi ya mapato na ushuru wa huduma. Mpaka leo hii bado Halmashauri za Geita na Kahama zinahangaika na kampuni za Madini kulipwa ushuru huu. Kampuni za Madini na za Mafuta hutumia mikakati ya kupanga kukwepa kodi (tax planning measures) kwa kutumia Tax Havens na Mikataba ya Double Taxation Treaties. Hivyo TPDC kusema tutegemee kodi ya Mapato ni sawa na kuimba kama kasuku na baada ya miaka 20 tutajikuta kwenye lawama zile zile za sekta ya Madini. Kwenye baadhi ya mikataba, kodi wanayolipa wawekezaji hukatwa kwenye mgawo wa TPDC na hivyo kodi hiyo hulipwa na TPDC na sio Mwekezaji kama tunavyoaminishwa na Serikali.

Kuhusu mrahaba wa asilimia 5 napo kuna tatizo kwani kwenye mikataba ya Gesi Asilia Mrahaba unalipwa na TPDC maana ndio mwenye leseni na sio Mwekezaji ambaye ni kandarasi tu. Mikataba kadhaa imeandikwa kwa namna ambayo Mwekezaji akilipa mrahaba, anajirudishia kwenye mapato ya Gesi kama gharama. Hivyo kimsingi mapato yetu ya uhakika ni kwenye mgawo wa uzalishaji. Ndio maana tunapiga kelele kuhusu mkataba huu wa StatOil kwenda kinyume na Mkataba mwelekezi wa Serikali.

Tutaambulia kiduchu sana

Kwa kuchambua Mkataba huu kati ya Tanzania na StatOil ya Norway hesabu zinaonyesha kuwa Nchi yetu itapata mgawo kiduchu sana. Chukulia uniti 1000 za gesi asilimia zimezalishwa kwa siku. Uniti 700 zinachukuliwa na Mwekezaji kufidia gharama za kuzalisha gesi hiyo na Uniti 300 zinazobakia Mwekezaji anachukua uniti 150 kama mgawo wake wa faida (profit gas). Hivyo Tanzania itabakia na uniti 150 tu kama mgawo wake, sawa na 15% tu ya Gesi Asilia yote iliyozalishwa katika siku hiyo. Iwapo Mkataba elekezi ungefuatwa Tanzania ingebakia na uniti 240 sawa na 24% ya gesi asilia iliyozalishwa.

Natoa rai kwa vyombo vya habari nchini kuandika masuala haya bila kuyumba maana yanahusu utajiri wa nchi yetu. Dhahabu imebakia mashimo kwa sababu Tanzania ililala na watawala kuandika mikataba ya hovyo. Tusilale kwenye Gesi Asilia. Wakati wa kutaka mikataba kuwa wazi ni sasa. Huu mmoja tu wa StatOil tunaweza kupoteza shilingi 1.6 trilioni, hiyo mingine 26 je? Nchi itabakia kweli? Tusikubali majibu mepesi. Tutake mikataba iwekwe wazi. Uwazi huleta uwajibikaji.

Zitto Kabwe, Mb

17 Julai, 2014

 

Tanzania to lose up to $1b under StatOil PSA: Open these Oil and Gas Contracts

Tanzania to lose up to $1b under StatOil PSA: Open these Oil and Gas Contracts

Zitto Kabwe, MP

When news of the leaked Production Sharing Agreement (PSA) between Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation (TPDC) and Norweigean State Company StatOil came out through social networks, the discussion was muted. When a blogger Ben Taylor wrote a brief about it, some of us saw how serious the issue is. According to the article http://africanarguments.org/2014/07/04/leaked-agreement-shows-tanzania-may-not-get-a-good-deal-for-gas-by-ben-taylor/ Tanzania may be losing up to $1 billion each year depending on the levels of production of natural gas. However, very few people may understand. Took a liberty to simplify the leak and comparing it with the Model PSA which shall be used as a benchmark for these contracts.

Q What exactly is the document?

The leaked document isn’t the PSA per se, but an addendum to the original PSA for Block 2 to take account of the fact that the discoveries are of natural gas, not oil.

The original PSA was agreed with Statoil in 2007 (source, Statoil website). This would have been under Minister Karamagi. The original PSA was presumably based on 2004 Model PSA (pdf). The addendum signed with Statoil was based on the Model PSA Addendum for Natural Gas, finalised in 2008 to take account of contract terms for gas.

The addendum was signed in February 2012, when William Ngeleja was minister.

Q So the leaked PSA is the same as the publicly available model?

For the most part yes, but for the most important part, no. The Model PSA Addendum sets out the following profit gas sharing ratios as seen in Table 1.

 

Table 1 Model PSA Addendum for Natural Gas suggested terms.

Tranches of daily total Production rates in each of the Contract Areas (MMscf per Day)		TPDC Share of Profit Gas	Contractor Share of Profit Gas
0	249.999	50	50
250	499.999	55	45
500	749.999	60	40
750	999.999	65	35
1000	1249.999	70	30
1250	1499.999	75	25
1500	Above 1500	80	20

 

The actual agreed profit gas sharing terms are quite different, as seen in Table 2.

Table 2 Statoil agreed profit gas sharing terms as per leaked document.

Tranches of daily total Production rates in each of the Contract Areas (MMscf per Day)		TPDC Share of Profit Gas	Contractor Share of Profit Gas
0	299.999	30	70
300	599.999	35	65
600	899.999	37.5	62.5
900	119.999	40	60
1200	1499.999	45	55
1500	Above 1500	50	50

 

Clearly, the agreed terms are much better for Statoil and Exxon than the proposed terms.

Q Any other significant terms in the agreement that differ from the model?

Yes. Article 8.1 (i) sets out the Domestic Market Obligation. Ten percent of production is to be reserved for the domestic market. This figure is not included in the model PSA Addendum. The model states that when the proven accessible reserves are determined, then the parties will agree on how much should go into the Gas Commercialisation Project (i.e. the LNG plant) and how much into the domestic market.

The question that arises from this is, by 2012, were the ‘proven reserves’ determined. If so, how much were they?

We know that BG is seeking to have their 10 percent market obligation reduced to zero. At a meeting with stakeholders late last year, they said it was the biggest issue between them and government.

So, are Statoil / Exxon also seeking to have the 10 percent domestic obligation removed?

Was the figure reasonable in the first place?

Q How does this leak affect the conversation about revenues?

Considerably. The IMF released a projection of revenues from LNG (. One key assumption made by that report is that cost recovery is capped at 70 per cent of production and that sharing is on the basis of a six step model with a lowest government share of 35 percent and a highest of 60 percent.

The 70 percent cost recovery limit is founded in the leaked PSA. However, the sharing ratio is quite different. The Model Addendum proposed a seven step model with government share ranging from 50 to 80 percent.

The actual Statoil / Exxon agreement is a six step model with government share ranging from a low 30 percent to just 50 percent at the highest levels.

This makes us ask the question, where did the IMF get the idea of using a six step model in the range of 35 to 60 percent shares for government, when the model was a seven step model ranging from 50 to 80 and the actual Statoil / Exxon agreement was a six step model, ranging from 30 to 50 for government share?

Q Have any other PSAs in Tanzania or the region been released?

In Tanzania, no PSAs have been released. However, Swala Energy in a prospectus they released last year (very big pdf) set out the substantive terms of the two PSAs they hold in Tanzania and the single PSA they hold in Kenya. This type of disclosure is common for small companies seeking to raise capital on stock markets. In fact, the information released in the Swala prospectus goes beyond what is in the leaked Statoil / Exxon addendum and includes the work programme and obligatory payments such as training levy etc.

In Kenya, the CAMAC PSA has been released to the New York Stock Exchange, again to facilitate raising capital. Typically large firms such Statoil or BG are not obliged by capital markets to release individual PSAs, as their overall business isn’t dependent on any single PSA. But small firms such as Swala or CAMAC are often obliged to do so when going to markets.

Q Is it fair that small firms like Swala have to release the terms of their PSAs but big firms like Statoil and BG do not?

Of course not!

Conclusions

For Tanzania to transform our wealth in natural resources to benefit the entire society, TRANSPARENCY must be a key. Let us make a campaign to make all these contracts in Oil and Gas open.

IMPORTANT READING: RASIMU YA 3 SERA YA GESI ASILIA | DRAFT #3 THE NATURAL GAS POLICY OF TANZANIA – 2013

View this document on Scribd

DRAFT 3-The Natural Gas Policy of Tanzania-2013

Draft 3- The Natural Gas Policy of Tanzania -2013to be presented to MPs tomorrow

Kesho jumamosi wabunge tumealikwa kwenye semina kuhusu sera ya Gesi Asilia. Tumegawiwa tayari nakala zetu, tena zipo kwenye lugha ya kimombo.

Ikumbukwe kwamba kuanzia tarehe 22 – 23 Mei 2013 kutakuwa na mjadala wa bajeti ya Wizara ya Nishati na Madini. Semina hii ni maandalizi ya Bajeti hii.

Jambo la kushangaza ni kwamba wakati sera ya Gesi Asilia ipo kwenye rasimu na ndio kwanza wabunge tumeletewa kutoa maoni, Serikali tayari imetangaza tena kugawa vitalu vya Mafuta na Gesi kwenye Bahari kuu na Ziwa Tanganyika Kaskazini.

Zabuni hii mpya ya vitalu vya utafutaji imetolewa wakati kuna maamuzi ya Bunge kuzuia ugawaji huu mpya mpaka sera ya Gesi Asilia na Sheria ya Gesi vikamilike.

Haraka hii ya serikali kugawa vitalu bila sera wala Sheria inatoka wapi? Nitashangaa sana wabunge kukimbilia posho za semina hii na kuhalalisha maamuzi yasiyo zingatia maslahi ya Taifa Kwa vizazi vya sasa na vijavyo. Uamuzi wa kugawa vitalu vipya bila kwanza kuwepo Kwa sera na Sheria mpya unapaswa kupingwa Kwa Nguvu zote.

Tafuta mbunge wako, mwambie asikubali maamuzi haya ya serikali.

Tumalize kwanza sera na Sheria ndio tugawe vitalu vipya. Gesi sio viazi, haiozi.

Naomba tureje statement yangu ya mwaka jana September 2012:

URL: https://zittokabwe.wordpress.com/2012/09/10/oil-and-gas-in-tanzania-building-for-a-sustainable-future-a-call-for-a-moratorium-on-new-offshore-exploration/

Oil and Gas in Tanzania: Building For A Sustainable Future

A Call for a moratorium on new offshore exploration.

Tanzania is on the precipice of an economic evolution with the recent discoveries of gas. We have now confirmed reserves of 43 Trillion Cubic feet (TCF), roughly valued at USD 430bn[i]. Plans for LNG production are moving ahead of schedule. As a result there will be considerable new gas resources available for power generation and other needs for our economy and people including domestic use, petrochemical industries and fertilizer plants.
Our nascent oil and gas industry is set to expand greatly with the upcoming Fourth Licencing Round, which, according to Minister Sospeter Muhongo, is scheduled to be launched in Houston, Texas on September 13. We are now informed that the licencing round has been delayed. This is not enough and more work needs to be done.

The Fourth Licencing Round should be put on hold – postponed for ten years. In this, we echo the demand of Parliament’s Energy and Minerals Committee earlier this year (April 2012, Annual Report of the Committee) and the concerns of other informed citizens. It is very unfortunate that the recommendation to postpone the licensing round, supported by a Parliamentary Committee on Public Investments (POAC) and approved by a Parliamentary resolution, was largely ignored by the Ministry and TPDC. A moratorium will not only allow us to manage our new resources effectively it will also ensure the welfare of future generations. This is something the Government must take seriously.

We, as responsible leaders, have a duty to safeguard this country’s resources for future generations. This will require effective and sustainable management of our oil and gas reserves. The licencing round for the oil and gas offshore blocks announced by the Ministry through TPDC undermines our mandate to the Tanzanian people. If all exploration blocks are being licenced, what will our grand-children and great-grandchildren, who will be more educated and well prepared, do? It is critical that we approach these issues not in a short-term strategic thinking but long-term. We may not be here tomorrow but Tanzania will be.

We are not prepared for an expansion of exploration activity. Current legislation is out-dated and does not mirror the current political and economic status quo. We have no overarching Gas Policy, however progress has been made as both the Gas Act and Policy are currently being crafted. Nevertheless to continue on with a new round of licensing before these policies are complete is irresponsible. More importantly, we do not have legislation that will manage revenues from the sector. We need more time for the policies and legislative acts to be implemented. We will also need more time for institutions to be in place.

A ten-year moratorium will give us the space to develop our capacity in key areas. TPDC can be overhauled to become an active exploration and production company, modelled on Malaysia’s Petronas. Currently, TPDC does not have the capacity or resources to be an effective and strong partner in developing our reserves. These capacity deficits include the ability to conduct basic geological surveys, contract negotiations and management as well as production and processing. A moratorium will allow us to support TPDC to become a strong and reliable trustee and gatekeeper of the country’s resources.

A ten-year moratorium will allow us to build the necessary institutions that we will need to effectively benefit from these resources. These include establishing and supporting a Sovereign Development Fund , to manage revenues; coordinating with our educational institutions to train and foster young Tanzanians so they can confidently work and engage in this industry; and an oversight committee that would include parliamentarians, civil society organizations and local communities. These stakeholders would be mandated to ensure that our resources are used effectively and fairly.

A ten-year moratorium on offshore exploration will ensure that our increasingly young population will enjoy the benefits of our natural resources for generations to come. We kindly request the Government to stop any new licencing of exploration blocks and refocus all efforts into building the capacity to manage the discovered resources, make wise decisions and prepare the nation for a Natural Gas Economy in a timely manner.

Our past mistakes in the mining sector should guide us, as we comprehend the challenges and opportunities presented by the oil and gas sector. The country must first build strong accountability measures, ensure transparency, develop critical human capital and learn from case studies of other gas economies before licencing any new blocks. We need to think strategically and understand the long-game rather than thinking about short-term gains. As a result, we think 10 years will be enough to implement the necessary interventions and build a strong and sustainable oil and gas economy for all Tanzanians.

Kabwe Zuberi Zitto, MP
Shadow Minister of Finance.

[i] using rule of thumb that 1TCF equals to 10bn US

********************************

REACTION>>DAILY NEWS

MP for 10 yr hold in licensing gas exploration

URL: http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/9381-mp-for-10yr-hold-in-licensing-gas-exploration

IPP MEDIA

News Muhongo questions Zitto stand on gas exploration

URL: http://www.ippmedia.com/frontend/index.php?l=45658

OFFSHORE ENERGYTODAY.COM

http://www.offshoreenergytoday.com/tanzania-minister-calls-for-moratorium-on-new-offshore-exploration-activities/

 

Mtwara : Serikali inavunja nchi kwa kutosikiliza Wananchi

Mtwara : Serikali inavunja nchi kwa kutosikiliza Wananchi

Kwa wiki ya tatu mfululizo kumekuwa na malumbano kuhusiana na suala la ujenzi wa Bomba la gesi kutoka Mtwara mpaka Dar es Salaam. Kumekuwa na madai yenye nguvu ya hoja kutoka kwa wananchi wa Mtwara dhidi ya porojo kutoka kwa viongozi wenye dhamana ya kujibu madai haya ya watu wa Mtwara. Watu wa Mtwara kwa umoja wao na kwa kuungwa mkono na viongozi wa dini zote wamekuwa wakitaka Serikali ifikirie upya suala la mradi wa ujenzi wa Bomba la gesi na badala yake kujenga mitambo ya kufua umeme mkoani Mtwara na kusafirisha umeme huo kwenda maeneo mengine ya nchi. Kwenye moja ya maandishi yangu (Serikali iwasikilize watu wa Mtwara) nimeshauri kuwa Taifa liwe na gridi nyingine ya Taifa ambayo itatokana na Gesi tu na ianzie Mtwara.

Ikumbukwe kwamba katiba ya nchi, ibara ya 9 katika mabano J inataka mamlaka ya dola na vyombo vyake vyote kuhakikisha ya kwamba shughuli zote za kiuchumi zinaendeshwa kwa namna ya kwamba pasiwe mrundikano wa utajiri au shughuli za uzalishaji kwa watu wa chache. Katiba inaendela kwa kuelekeza kwamba uchumi wa nchi upangwe katika uwiano sawia (9, d). Watu wa Mtwara wanatekeleza matakwa haya ya katiba kwa kukataa mrundikano wa shughuli za kiuchumi wa nchi na utajiri wa nchi kua kwenye mikoa michache na hasa mkoa wa Dar-Es-Saalam.

Serikali imekuwa ikitoa majibu ya porojo na kuwatusi watu wa Mtwara na kama ilivyozoeleka Rais Jakaya Kikwete na Mawaziri wake wamekuwa wakisema suala la Mtwara linatumika na wanasiasa kujitafutia umaarufu. Inasikitisha sana kuona Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania akiwaambia mabalozi wa nchi za kigeni waliopo hapa nchini kuwa yanayoendelea mkoani Mtwara yanachochewa na Wanasiasa tuliosimama na wananchi wanaodai haki ya kufaidi utajiri wa nchi yetu. Rais Kikwete na Mawaziri wake wameshindwa kabisa kuonyesha uongozi katika suala hili na hatimaye kuhatarisha umoja wa kitaifa.

Kwa udhaifu wa serikali na tabia ya kutafuta mchawi badala ya kutatua tatizo la msingi, wananchi wameendelea kukutana na hata wengine sasa kuanza kusambaza ujumbe wa kukata kipande cha nchi na kuanzisha Jamhuri ya Kusini. Nimeona kwenye mabango ya mkutano wa hadhara uliofanyika 19/1/2013 wananchi wakibeba mabango yanayoaishiria kuchoka kuwa sehemu ya Tanzania na kuanzisha Jamhuri ya Makonde kuanzia jiwe la Mzungu wilayani Kilwa mpaka mto Ruvuma. Haya yanatoka na kiburi cha Serikali kujishusha na kuwasikiliza wananchi wanao dai haki yao ya kikatiba.

Ni Serikali iliyokosa uhalali wa kutawala inayoweza kudharau hisia hizi za wananchi. Serikali ielewe kwamba kamwe haitaweza kulinda kila nchi ya bomba hili iwapo italijenga kwa nguvu. Badala ya kuzungumza na vyombo vya habari Serikali ifanye mazungumzo na wananchi wa Mtwara na kukubaliana na matakwa yao. Kitendo cha Serikali kung’ang’ania msimamo wake dhidi ya watu wa mtwara ni kitendo kinacho weza kuipasua nchi na hivyo kwenda kinyume na masharti ya katiba ibara ya 28 ambayo inasema: “kila raia ana wajibu wa kulinda uhuru wa nchi, uhuru mamlaka na umoja wa taifa.”ibara ya 28, 1.

Inawezekana Serikali inaogopa kuvunja makubaliano na Wachina ya mkopo wa dola za kimarekani 1.2 bilioni ambao imeuingia bila hata kushirikisha Bunge. Inawezekana Serikali na hasa watendaji wa Serikali waliojadili mkopo huu wameshapata chao na hivyo kuogopa kusikiliza madai halali ya wananchi. Lakini yote hayo hayawezi kuwa zaidi ya Umoja wa nchi yetu. Hatuwezi kukubali nchi yetu ipasuke vipande vipande kwa sababu tu ya kulinda mkataba wa bilioni 1.2 tuliokopa China, ambayo serikali inang’ang’ania.

Tunafahamu kwamba ubalozi wa China umeandika barua serikalini kuwaondoa raia wa China waliopo Mtwara kwa hofu ya maisha yao. Serikali inaficha ukweli huu kama ilivyoficha ukweli kwamba Naibu Waziri wa Nishati na Madini bwana George Simbachawene alifukuzwa na wananchi wa Mtwara alipokwenda hivi majuzi. Serikali itaficha ukweli mpaka lini? Lazima tupate majawabu.

Kwanza Serikali iweke wazi mkataba wa ujenzi wa Bomba hili. Kamati ya Bunge ya POAC ilipokuwa inapitia mahesabu ya TPDC iliomba mkataba na kwa mshangao mkubwa wabunge wakaambiwa Mkataba haupo TPDC bali upo Wizarani. Kwa nini Mkataba huu wa matrilioni ya Fedha unafichwa? Mkataba huu ulisainiwa pamoja mikataba mingine 2, mmoja wa kujenga nyumba za wanajeshi wa thamani ya dola za kimarekani 400 milioni na mwingine wa mawasiliano jeshini wa dola za kimarekani 110 milioni, na mikataba yote mitatu imesainiwa kimya kimya bila kushirikisha wananchi kupitia Bunge. Lazima mikataba yote hii iwekwe wazi.

Pili, Mkataba huu uchunguzwe kama unalingana na thamani ya fedha maana kwa utafiti wa awali inaonyesha kuwa bei ya ujenzi wa bomba imepandishwa maradufu. Wastan wa kujenga bomba la gesi duniani ni dola za kimarekani 1.2 milioni kwa maili moja. Mradi huu wa Tanzania utagharimu dola za kimarekani 2.2 milioni kwa kilomita moja (maili 1 ni sawa na kilomita 1.6).

Tatu, Serikali ibadilishe Mkataba huu kuwa wa mkopo wa kujenga Mitambo ya kufua umeme Mtwara na ujenzi wa Msongo wa Umeme kama gridi ya pili ya Taifa. Kwa sasa Tanzania ina gridi moja ambayo inabebwa na bwawa la Mtera linalo tegemea mto Ruaha ambao hivi sasa unakauka miezi 5 katika miezi 12 ya mwaka. Ni dhahiri kwamba kwa usalama wa Taifa na hata kwa gharama Nchi itafaidika zaidi kwa kujenga gridi nyingine kutokea Mtwara badala ya kusafirisha gesi kuja Dar-Es-Salaam.

Serikali haitashinda vita hii kwa kuzusha kwamba ama wanasiasa wanaopinga wanatumika na makampuni mengine au kwa mataifa ya magharibi kutaka kuvuruga nchi. Serikali ijitazame yenyewe. Bila kufanya hayo tunayo pendekeza hapo juu, wananchi wataendelea kupigania hako yao. Hii ni vita ya uwajibikaji. Wananchi wanataka kufaidika na rasilimali za nchi yao. Kwa vyovyote vile upande wa wananchi utashinda. Vita ya uwajibikaji kwenye rasilimali za nchi sio ya vyama vya siasa, ni vita ya wananchi. Chama cha siasa kitakachokwenda kinyume na matakwa ya wananchi, kinajichimbia kaburi.

 

 

English Translation: Zitto Kabwe’s Private Motion to Investigate & Recover Money Stashed in Swiss Accounts

View this document on Scribd

PRESS RELEASE: Contracts review is a publicity stunt and creation of unnecessary uncertainty in the sector

Subject: Contracts review is a publicity stunt and creation of unnecessary uncertainty in the sector

Irresponsible statements by the Minister of Energy and Minerals will cost our country dearly not only in developing the crucial Oil and Gas but also in attracting foreign direct investment. What is needed in Tanzania is transparency of contracts, sanctity of contracts and building the crucial capacity of TPDC and not mere words from the Minister who actually signs the contracts.

Announcing review of all production sharing agreements (PSA) to be done by the new board of TPDC is simply a publicity stunt by the Minister. What the Minister is unaware of and totally ignorant of is the fact that many reviews have been done and nothing has been done about it. The Parliamentary committee on Public organisations (POAC) had asked TPDC through the office of the CAG to audit all the contracts. Out of 26 contracts, only 4 were audited and one (PanAfrica Energy) was found to have inflated their costs to the tune of USD 26 Million. So review will add nothing except earn short lived publicity for the Minister for his cow boy approach while throwing the sector in huge UNCERTAINTY and slowing down momentum.
Borrowing the words of the US President Barack Obama…..The Minister is shooting first and aiming later portraying a confrontation approach that is ill-advised. His approach on how he is handling this sector will cost our country dearly. The oil and gas companies are very cautious and one thing is certain : they don’t work in uncertain environments where contracts are under threat of being revoked.

What is needed in Tanzania is TRANSPARENCY. The contracts must be made public and the new law must give powers to Parliament to approve the contracts. That is the transformation we need to ensure that our country benefits from it’s resources. If the Minister is serious about walking the talk he must bring these amendments to Parliament instead of uttering irresponsible statements in press conferences.

Another sensible radical transformation needed now is the enactment of the Petroleum Revenue Management act. It doesn’t help just mentioning ‘revenue must not go to treasury’. We must be clear on how we will use this income now to ensure  all Tanzanians and their children see the benefits. Establishment of sovereign development fund instead of a sovereign wealth fund shall be a unique departure for Tanzania from the resource curse other African countries are suffering.

We (Tanzania) are competing with Mozambique to build the first LNG plant to supply the Far East Asian markets out of East Africa. While our neighbors are working hard and on time, we do the talking. This must end

Zitto Kabwe
Shadow Finance Minister

Oil and Gas in Tanzania: Building For A Sustainable Future-A Call for a Moratorium on new offshore exploration.

Oil and Gas in Tanzania: Building For A Sustainable Future

A call for a moratorium on new offshore exploration.

Oil and Gas Industry
Picyure courtesy of: Cypressmfg

 

Tanzania is on the precipice of an economic evolution with the recent discoveries of gas. We have now confirmed reserves of 43 Trillion Cubic feet (TCF), roughly valued at USD 430bn[i]. Plans for LNG production are moving ahead of schedule. As a result there will be considerable new gas resources available for power generation and other needs for our economy and people including domestic use, petrochemical industries and fertilizer plants.

 

Our nascent oil and gas industry is set to expand greatly with the upcoming Fourth Licencing Round, which, according to Minister Sospeter Muhongo, is scheduled to be launched in Houston, Texas on September 13. We are now informed that the licencing round has been delayed. This is not enough and more work needs to be done.

 

The Fourth Licencing Round should be put on hold – postponed for ten years. In this, we echo the demand of Parliament’s Energy and Minerals Committee earlier this year (April 2012, Annual Report of the Committee) and the concerns of other informed citizens. It is very unfortunate that the recommendation to postpone the licensing round, supported by a Parliamentary Committee on Public Investments (POAC) and approved by a Parliamentary resolution, was largely ignored by the Ministry and TPDC. A moratorium will not only allow us to manage our new resources effectively it will also ensure the welfare of future generations. This is something the Government must take seriously.  

 

We, as responsible leaders, have a duty to safeguard this country’s resources for future generations. This will require effective and sustainable management of our oil and gas reserves. The licencing round for the oil and gas offshore blocks announced by the Ministry through TPDC undermines our mandate to the Tanzanian people. If all exploration blocks are being licenced, what will our grand-children and great-grandchildren, who will be more educated and well prepared, do? It is critical that we approach these issues not in a short-term strategic thinking but long-term. We may not be here tomorrow but Tanzania will be.

 

We are not prepared for an expansion of exploration activity. Current legislation is out-dated and does not mirror the current political and economic status quo. We have no overarching Gas Policy, however progress has been made as both the Gas Act and Policy are currently being crafted. Nevertheless to continue on with a new round of licensing before these policies are complete is irresponsible. More importantly, we do not have legislation that will manage revenues from the sector. We need more time for the policies and legislative acts to be implemented. We will also need more time for institutions to be in place.

 

A ten-year moratorium will give us the space to develop our capacity in key areas. TPDC can be overhauled to become an active exploration and production company, modelled on Malaysia’s Petronas. Currently, TPDC does not have the capacity or resources to be an effective and strong partner in developing our reserves. These capacity deficits include the ability to conduct basic geological surveys, contract negotiations and management as well as production and processing. A moratorium will allow us to support TPDC to become a strong and reliable trustee and gatekeeper of the country’s resources.

 

A ten-year moratorium will allow us to build the necessary institutions that we will need to effectively benefit from these resources. These include establishing and supporting a Sovereign Development Fund , to manage revenues; coordinating with our educational institutions to train and foster young Tanzanians so they can confidently work and engage in this industry; and an oversight committee that would include parliamentarians, civil society organizations and local communities. These stakeholders would be mandated to ensure that our resources are used effectively and fairly.

 

A ten-year moratorium on offshore exploration will ensure that our increasingly young population will enjoy the benefits of our natural resources for generations to come. We kindly request the Government to stop any new licencing of exploration blocks and refocus all efforts into building the capacity to manage the discovered resources, make wise decisions and prepare the nation for a Natural Gas Economy in a timely manner.

 

Our past mistakes in the mining sector should guide us, as we comprehend the challenges and opportunities presented by the oil and gas sector. The country must first build strong accountability measures, ensure transparency, develop critical human capital and learn from case studies of other gas economies before licencing any new blocks. We need to think strategically and understand the long-game rather than thinking about short-term gains. As a result, we think 10 years will be enough to implement the necessary interventions and build a strong and sustainable oil and gas economy for all Tanzanians.

 

Kabwe Zuberi Zitto, MP

Shadow Minister of Finance.

 

[i] using rule of thumb that 1TCF equals to 10bn US

********************************

REACTION>>DAILY NEWS

 

MP for 10 yr hold in licensing gas exploration

URL: http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/9381-mp-for-10yr-hold-in-licensing-gas-exploration

 

IPP MEDIA

News Muhongo questions Zitto stand on gas exploration

URL: http://www.ippmedia.com/frontend/index.php?l=45658

Mafuta kuwa suala la Muungano tulikosea

• Kila upande wa Muungano uchimbe Mafuta na Gesi Asili yake na Mapato yawe ya Serikali ya upande husika.
• Shughuli za Utafutaji kwenye vitalu vyenye mgogoro ziendelee mara moja
• Zanzibar ianzishe Shirika lake la Mafuta (PetroZan)
• Katiba mpya itofautishe utafutaji (upstream) na Biashara (uchimbaji, midstream na downstream)

Moja ya suala linalosubiriwa kwa hamu kubwa katika mjadala na hatimaye uandishi wa Katiba mpya ni suala la Mafuta na Gesi Asilia kuwa jambo la Muungano au liondolewe katika orodha ya mambo ya Muungano. Suala hili limezusha mjadala mkubwa sana mara kwa mara nchini Tanzania kiasi cha lenyewe kuwa ni hoja ya wale wasiotaka tuwe na Dola ya Jamhuri ya Muungano Tanzania.

Wakati Muungano unaanzishwa mwaka 1964 Mafuta na Gesi hayakuwa masuala ya Muungano. Nimeangalia katika Hati ya Muungano ambayo ilikuwa ni sehemu ya Katiba ya Muda ya Jamhuri ya Muungano ya mwaka 1965, suala hili halikuwamo katika orodha ya mambo Kumi na Moja ya Muungano. Nyaraka nilizoziona zinaonyesha kwamba suala la Mafuta na Gesi Asilia liliongezwa katika orodha ya Mambo ya Muungano mwaka 1968. Kuna watu wanahoji kihalali kabisa kwamba nyongeza ya jambo hili ilifanywa bila kufuata taratibu na hivyo kufanywa kinyemela na kuna wengine wanasema jambo hili lilifuata taratibu zote za kisheria ikiwemo kupigiwa kura na Bunge la Muungano na kuungwa mkono na theluthi mbili ya Wabunge kutoka pande zote za Muungano.

Katika moja ya vikao vya Bunge katika Bunge la Tisa, aliyekuwa Naibu wa Waziri wa Nishati na Madini Ndugu Adam Malima alileta kumbukumbu za mjadala Bungeni (Hansard) za mjadala wa suala la Mafuta na Gesi ili kuthibitisha kwamba jambo hili halikuuingizwa kwenye Katiba kinyemela.

Wakati umefika kwa Watafiti wa Masuala ya Muungano wakapekua nyaraka hizi na kutwambia ukweli ulio ukweli mtupu wa namna suala la Mafuta na Gesi lilivyoingizwa katika orodha ya mambo ya Muungano. Hata hivyo, jambo hili sasa ni jambo la Muungano kwa mujibu wa Katiba na ni dhahiri kuwa WaTanzania wa Zanzibar hawafurahiswhi nalo na hivyo kuazimia kupitia Azimio la Baraza la Wawakilishi kwamba jambo hili liondolewe kwenye orodha ya masuala ya Muungano. Kwa vyovote vile Katiba mpya ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania inapaswa kutoa uamuzi wa mwisho utakaomaliza mjadala huu.

Jambo la kusikitisha ni kwamba licha ya Bunge la Muungano kuamua kuongeza suala la Mafuta na Gesi asilia katika masuala ya Muungano, mwaka mmoja baada ya uamuzi huo likaundwa Shirika la Maendeleo ya Mafuta Tanzania (TPDC) kwa amri ya Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano (establishment order). Shirika hili halikuanzishwa kwa Sheria ya Bunge au kwa Sheria ya Makampuni kama yalivyo Mashirika mengi ya Umma hapa nchini bali kwa amri ya Rais ya mwaka 1960. Katika amri hii ya Rais, Shirika la TPDC halikupewa ‘mandate’ ya kimuungano. Shirika hili mipaka yake ilianishwa kuwa ni Tanzania bara peke yake. Hivyo suala la Muungano likawekewa Shirika la Tanganyika kulisimamia!

Kama ilikuwa ni bahati mbaya au makusudi au kupitiwa kwa viongozi wetu wa wakati huo ni vigumu kujua lakini huu ni mkanganyiko mkubwa ambao ulipaswa kurekebishwa mapema sana.

Shirika la TPDC limekuwa likifanya kazi ya kusimamia Sekta ya Mafuta na Gesi ikiwemo kutoa vibali vya kutafuta mafuta, kuingia mikataba na Makampuni ya kimataifa na kuisimamia mikataba hiyo. Miongoni mwa mikataba hiyo ni kwenye maeneo ambayo kama isingekuwa Muungano yangekuwa ni Maeneo ya Jamhuri ya Watu wa Zanzibar. Mbaya zaidi Mikataba yote ya utafutaji na uchimbaji Mafuta inafanywa inaingiwa na Waziri wa Nishati na Madini Wizara ambayo sio ya Muungano. Hakuna hata eneo moja ambalo taratibu zimewekwa kwamba pale ambapo eneo hilo ni eneo lilikuwa chini ya himaya ya Jamhuri ya Watu wa Zanzibar basi mikataba isainiwe na Mawaziri wawili wa sekta hiyo kutoka kila upande wa Muungano.

Ni dhahiri kwamba kama ni kusahau hapa kulikuwa na kusahau kukubwa ambako hakustahmiliki kwa mtu yeyote mwenye upeo achilia mbali mwananchi wa kawaida wa Zanzibar ambaye anaona anaonewa na kugandamizwa na Bara.

Mnamo miaka ya mwanzo ya 2000, Shirika la TPDC liliingia mikataba ya Vitalu kadhaa vya Mafuta miongoni vya vitalu hivyo ni vitalu nambari 9, 10, 11 na 12 mashariki ya visiwa vya Pemba na Unguja. Vile vile Shirika na Wizara ya Nishati waliingia mkataba mwingine katika Kitalu kilichopo kati ya Pemba na Tanga (mahala ambapo kumekuwa na dalili za wazi za kuwapo Mafuta kutokana na kuonekana kwa ‘Oil sips’ mara kwa mara.

Vitalu 9, 10, 11 na 12 vilipewa kampuni ya Shell ya Uholanzi na kitalu cha kati ya Tanga na Pemba walipewa Kampuni ya Antrim ya Canada ambayo baadaye waliuza sehemu ya Kampuni yao kwa Kampuni ya RAK Gas kutoka Ras Al Khaimah huko United Aarab Emirates. Kwa kuwa Vitalu hivi vipo katika eneo la iliyokuwa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Zanzibar kabla ya Muungano, Serikali ya Mapinduzi Zanzibar ilikataa shughuli zozote kufanyika mpaka suala la Mafuta na Gesi kuondolewa katika orodha ya Mambo ya Muungano lipatiwe ufumbuzi.

Uamuzi huu wa Serikali ya Zanzibar ni uamuzi ambao ungechukuliwa na Serikali yeyote ile yenye mapenzi ya dhati na watu wake. Uamuzi huu ulileta mjadala mpana sana katika masuala ya Muungano na ambao hawana taarifa waliubeza sana. Hata hivyo suala hili likafanywa ajenda katika vikao vya masuala ya Muungano vinavyoitwa Vikao vya Kero za Muungano. Miaka kumi suala hili linajadiliwa na Maamuzi hayafanyiki! Hivi sasa kila suala lenye kuangukia kwenye Katiba husukumwa huko na hivyo kutoa ahueni kwa wanaogopa kufanya maamuzi.

Katika medani za uchumi kila suala lina muda wake. Masuala ya utafutaji wa Mafuta ni masuala yanayoongozwa na msimu na kuendelea kuchelewa kufanya maamuzi juu ya suala hili kunalitia hasara Taifa, Hasara ya Mabilioni ya Fedha na hasara kubwa zaidi ya kufahamu utajiri uliojificha chini ya Maji ya Bahari inayozunguka Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania.

Hivi sasa Pwani ya Afrika Mashariki inarindima (trending) katika utafutaji wa Mafuta na Gesi asilia. Huko Msumbiji Makampuni mbalimbali yamegundua Gesi asilia nyingi inayofikia zaidi ya futi za ujazo trillion 107 (107TCF) kwa makadirio ya chini. Hapa Tanzania utajiri wa Gesi asilia uliogunduliwa hadi hivi sasa na kutangazwa umefikia futi za ujazo trillion 20 (20TCF) ambazo ni sawa na utajiri wa thamani ya dola za kimarekani trillion 6. Makadirio yanakisiwa kuwa Tanzania kuna  futi za ujazo trillioni 85 (85TCF) za Gesi Asilia katika eneo la Kusini kuanzia vitalu namba 1 mpaka namba 5 ikiwemo vitalu vya nchi kavu na vile vya Songosongo.

Iwapo kasi ya utafutaji mafuta itaendelea kama sasa katika kipindi cha miaka 2 ijayo Tanzania itaweza kuwa kati ya nchi mbili za Afrika zenye Utajiri mwingi zaidi wa Gesi Asilia. Hivi sasa Nigeria ndio inaongoza kwa kuwa na futi za ujazo trillion 189 (189TCF) ikifuatiwa na Algeria na Angola ambazo zote zina utajiri wa juu kidogo ya 100TCF kwa Algeria na chini ya 100TCF kwa Angola. Msumbiji sasa imeifikia Algeria na kushika nafasi ya pili.

Katika masuala ya Mafuta na Gesi hatua ya kwanza ni kujua kama utajiri huu ambayo kitaalamu inaitwa gas exploration. Shughuli za utafutaji zinapandisha sana thamani ya nchi na eneo la nchi. Kwa mfano hivi sasa kitendo cha Kampuni ya Uingereza ya BG/Ophir na ile ya Norway ya StatOil kupata mafanikio makubwa katika utafutaji wa Gesi asilia kumeongeza thamani ya Pwani ya kusini ya Tanzania katika medani za utafutaji (Exploration Activities).

Hata hivyo kama ilivyogusiwa hapo juu, shughuli za Utafutaji ni shughuli za msimu. Pia huchukua muda mrefu wa kati ya miaka 5 mpaka 10 kati ya kutafuta, kupata na kuanza kuchimba. Hivi sasa ni muda wa pwani ya Afrika Mashariki. Ni lazima kuhakikisha kwamba vitalu vyote vilivyogawiwa hivi sasa vinafanyiwa kazi. Hata hivyo vitalu vingine vyovyote visigawiwe kwanza mpaka hapo matunda ya vitalu vya sasa yaonekane. Kamati ya Bunge ya Nishati na Madini imependekeza kusimamisha kugawa vitalu vipya. Matokeo ya utafutaji katika vitalu vya sasa yakiwa mazuri kama ilivyo sasa, thamani ya vitalu vipya itapanda sana na nchi itakuwa na nguvu ya majadiliano (strong negotiation position) dhidi ya makampuni makubwa ya mafuta. 

Tufanyaje kuhusu vitalu vilivyogawiwa katika eneo ambalo lina mgogoro kuhusu suala la Muungano? Sio kazi rahisi lakini imefikia wakati tuamue. Kwa kadri nionavyo, Itabidi kuwe na maamuzi ya mpito (interim decisions) na maamuzi ya muda mrefu.

Kwanza, ni lazima kukiri tulipokosea. Hata kama ilikuwa ni sahihi kiutaratibu kuweka suala la mafuta na Gesi katika orodha ya mambo ya Muungano, haikuwa halali Shirika la TPDC lenye mipaka ndani ya Tanzania bara kuingilia ugawaji wa vitalu na kuingia mikataba katika maeneo ambayo ni ya Muungano. Ni Taasisi ya Muungano tu ndio inaweza kushughulikia suala la Muungano na sio vinginevyo.

Ilikuwa ni dharau kubwa sana kwa Waziri wa Nishati ambayo sio Wizara ya Muungano kuingia Mikataba katika eneo la Zanzibar (ambapo kikatiba tumelifanya eneo la Muungano) bila kushauriana na kukubaliana na Waziri wa Nishati wa Zanzibar. Kukiri kosa sio unyonge, ni uungwana. Hata tukifanya vikao milioni moja chini ya Makamu wa Rais, bila kukiri kosa hili tatizo hili na mengine ya aina hii hayataisha.

Pili, ni vema kukubali kwamba shughuli za utafutaji katika vitalu vyenye mgogoro ziendelee kwenye hatua ya utafutaji tu. Kama mafuta au Gesi ikipatikana, uchimbaji usianze mpaka uamuzi wa mwisho kuhusu suala hili uwe umepatikana. Pia ninapendekeza ufumbuzi wa mwisho hapa chini. Kuchelewesha utafutaji ni hasara kwa pande zote za Muungano kutokana na taarifa za kijiolojia zitakazopatikana na hivyo kupandisha thamani ya nchi hizi mbili kijiolojia.

Hata hivyo, utafutaji huu katika eneo lenye mgogoro kati ya pande mbili za Muungano ufanyike baada ya mkataba wa PSA kufanyiwa marekebisho makubwa. Marekebisho hayo ni pamoja na Mkataba kusema wazi kwamba shughuli za uchimbaji zitafanyika iwapo tu makubaliano ya kugawana mapato ya Mafuta na Gesi kati ya Serikali ya Muungano na Serikali ya Zanzibar yamefikiwa. Pia Mkataba uzingatie maendeleo ya sasa ya kusini mwa Tanzania na hivyo mkataba uboreshwe kwa faida ya nchi ikiwemo kutolewa kwa ‘signature bonus’. Hii ni Fedha inayotolewa na Kampuni za utafutaji Mafuta kwa Serikali kabla ya utafutaji kuanza. Kiwango hutokana na majadiliano na kukubaliana. Nchi zenye jiolojia iliyopevuka hutumia njia hii kuongeza mapato ya Serikali.

Mkataba pia useme kinaga ubaga kwamba utasainiwa na Mawaziri wa pande mbili za Muungano na kwamba Kampuni inayofanya utafiti itatoa taarifa zake za Utafiti sawia kwa Mawaziri wote kwa mujibu wa vipengele vya mkataba.

Kwa upande wa maamuzi ya muda mrefu, ushauri wangu ni kwamba; kwa maana ya kuandikwa kwenye Katiba mpya ni kwamba Suala la Mafuta na Gesi Asilia liendelee kuwa suala la Muungano kwenye eneo la usimamizi wa Tasnia na leseni za utafutaji (Upstream Regulatory mechanism). Hili ni eneo linalohitaji usimamizi wa dhati kabisa na kwa pamoja pande mbili za Muungano zinaweza kufanya vizuri zaidi.

Eneo la Uchimbaji na hasa kugawana mapato ya mafuta na Gesi (Profit Oil) lisimamiwe na kila upande wa Muungano kivyake. Biashara ya Mafuta isiwe jambo la Muungano na hivyo kila Upande wa Muungano uwe na Shirika lake la Mafuta na Gesi ambalo litashiriki kama mbia wa Mashirika ya Kimataifa katika uchimbaji, usafirishaji na uuzaji wa Mafuta na Gesi Asilia. Mapato yanayotokana na Mafuta (Profit Oil) na kodi nyingine zote isipokuwa mrahaba (royalty) yawe ni masuala yanayoshughulikiwa na Serikali ya kila upande wa Muungano kwa mujibu wa Sheria ambayo Serikali hizo zimejiwekea.

Kamati ya Bunge ya Hesabu za Mashirika ya Umma ilipendekeza Bungeni kwamba kuwepo na Mamlaka ya Mafuta na Gesi Asilia Tanzania (Tanzania Petroleum Authority) ambayo itakuwa ni msimamizi (upstream regulator) kama suala la Muungano. Mrahaba wa Mafuta na Gesi ambao sasa ni asilimia 12 ya Mapato ya Mafuta itakusanywa na Msimamizi huyu na ndio mapato pekee katika tasnia ya Mafuta na Gesi yanapaswa kuwa mapato ya Serikali ya Muungano.

Kamati pia ilipendekeza kuanzishwa kwa Shirika la Mafuta na Gesi (Petroleum Tanzania – PetroTan) ambalo litakuwa mbia kwenye Makampuni ya utafutaji na uchimbaji wa Mafuta na Gesi kwenye Vitalu vya Tanzania bara. Mapato yote ya vitalu vya Tanzania bara na kodi zote isipokuwa Mrahaba zitakwenda kwa Mamlaka za bara tutakazo kuwa tumeamua baada ya Katiba mpya kuanza kazi. Hivi sasa TPDC inafanya kazi hii mpaka Zanzibar jambo ambalo hata kwa akili ya kawaida halipaswi kukubalika.

Aidha, napendekeza kwamba Zanzibar ianzishe Shirika lake la Mafuta sasa. Jambo hili halina haja ya kusubiri vikao vya kero za Muungano kwani ni dhahiri TPDC haina mamlaka,ushawishi na uthubutu kusema uhalali wa kusimamia vitalu vya Mafuta vilivyopo  Zanzibar.

Serikali ya Mapinduzi ya Zanzibar ipeleke muswada katika Baraza la Wawakilishi kuanzisha Shirika la Mafuta na Gesi la Zanzibar (Petroleum Corporation of Zanzibar – PetroZan) ili liweze kushiriki katika utafutaji na uchimbaji wa Mafuta Zanzibar. Lakini Pia PetroZan ilinde maslahi ya Zanzibar katika tasnia hii kwa kujijengea uwezo wa kusimamia ugawaji bora wa Mapato kutoka katika Mafuta na Gesi Asilia.

Kama Serikali ya Mapinduzi Zanzibar inachelea kuanzishwa kwa Shirika hili, Wawakilishi wa pande zote (CCM na CUF) wapeleke muswada binafsi kuunda Shirika la Mafuta la Wazanzibari. Hawatakuwa wamevunja Katiba ya Muungano kwani hivi sasa hakuna Taasisi yenye mamlaka ya kusimamia Tasnia hii kwa Upande wa Zanzibar.

Wakati haya yote yanafanyika, shughuli za utafutaji Mafuta na Gesi katika vitalu vilivyopo katika eneo la Zanzibar na hasa vitalu namba 9,10,11 na 12 na katika kitalu cha kati ya Pemba na Tanga ziendelee kufuatia marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utafutaji. Utafutaji wa Mafuta una faida zaidi kwa Nchi hizi mbili kuliko kwa Kampuni za Mafuta kwani uwekezaji wa Kampuni pekee na nchi zitapata taarifa za kijiolojia zitakazosaidia mikataba ya baadaye kuwa bora zaidi.

Wakati nasisitiza kwamba tuendelee na utafutaji katika vitalu tajwa, katika Katiba mpya, utafutaji wa mafuta usimamiwe na Taasisi ya Muungano. Uchimbaji na biashara ya Mafuta ufanywe na kila Serikali ya kila upande wa Muungano. Mafuta kuwa jambo la Muungano halafu kusimamiwa na Shirika la Tanganyika na Wizara ya Upande mmoja ya Muungano ndio chanzo cha mgogoro. Suluhisho sio kuifanya TPDC kuwa Shirika la Muungano, bali kila upande upewe uhuru wa kusimamia uchimbaji, Biashara na mlolongo mzima wa tasnia ya Mafuta (value chain from midstream to downstream) isipokuwa utafutaji (upstream). Hili ndio suluhisho la kudumu ninaloona linafaa. 

Uwazi (declaration):

Zitto Kabwe ni Mbunge wa Kigoma Kaskazini na mfuatiliaji wa karibu wa Tasnia ya Mafuta na Gesi Asilia akiwa amesomea mfumo wa uchumi wa katika tasnia ya madini na mafuta (fiscal regime in Mineral and Petroleum sector).  Zitto pia ni Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Hesabu za Mashirika ya Umma ambayo inasimamia mahesabu na utendaji wa Shirika la TPDC. Makala hii imeandikwa baada ya ziara ya Mafunzo ya Wabunge kutembelea nchi ya Uholanzi kwa ufadhili wa Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya nchi hiyo. Katika ziara hiyo Wabunge hao walikutana na Wakuu wa Shirika la Mafuta la Shell ambapo walizungumzia pia suala la vitalu namba 9, 10, 11 na 12.